Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus

Abstract HEV, primarily known for its waterborne transmission, is increasingly recognized for its zoonotic potential, raising public health concerns for individuals in close contact with animals or animal products. This study aims to evaluate the seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) among slaug...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Thamir A. Alandijany, Shahd M. Balakhtab, Sherif A. El-Kafrawy, Ahmad M. Hassan, Arwa A. Faizo, Tian-Cheng Li, Esam I. Azhar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00411-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850280274217140224
author Thamir A. Alandijany
Shahd M. Balakhtab
Sherif A. El-Kafrawy
Ahmad M. Hassan
Arwa A. Faizo
Tian-Cheng Li
Esam I. Azhar
author_facet Thamir A. Alandijany
Shahd M. Balakhtab
Sherif A. El-Kafrawy
Ahmad M. Hassan
Arwa A. Faizo
Tian-Cheng Li
Esam I. Azhar
author_sort Thamir A. Alandijany
collection DOAJ
description Abstract HEV, primarily known for its waterborne transmission, is increasingly recognized for its zoonotic potential, raising public health concerns for individuals in close contact with animals or animal products. This study aims to evaluate the seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) among slaughterhouse workers in Saudi Arabia and compare it to a control group of blood donors, emphasizing potential occupational risks and associated factors. This comparative cross-sectional study included 239 slaughterhouse workers (study group) and 250 blood donors (control group). HEV IgG antibodies were detected using an in-house ELISA. Sociodemographic data, occupational exposure duration, and animal contact details were analyzed. The HEV seroprevalence was significantly higher in slaughterhouse workers (49.7%) compared to blood donors (22.1%) (p < 0.0001). Age and duration of occupational exposure were strongly predictive of HEV infection, with workers exposed for over one year showing higher odds of seropositivity. Geographic region and type of animal contact showed no significant associations. The findings suggest that prolonged occupational exposure to animals demonstrated increased the risk of HEV infection among slaughterhouse workers. Public health interventions, including improved hygiene measures, health screenings, and potential vaccination, could mitigate the risk of HEV transmission in high-exposure occupations.
format Article
id doaj-art-e3e5275d46b04e29a2b3940430f19bae
institution OA Journals
issn 2210-6014
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Springer
record_format Article
series Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
spelling doaj-art-e3e5275d46b04e29a2b3940430f19bae2025-08-20T01:48:49ZengSpringerJournal of Epidemiology and Global Health2210-60142025-04-011511910.1007/s44197-025-00411-zAssessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in FocusThamir A. Alandijany0Shahd M. Balakhtab1Sherif A. El-Kafrawy2Ahmad M. Hassan3Arwa A. Faizo4Tian-Cheng Li5Esam I. Azhar6Special Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversitySpecial Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversitySpecial Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversitySpecial Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversitySpecial Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversityDepartment of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesSpecial Infectious Agents Unit-BSL3, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz UniversityAbstract HEV, primarily known for its waterborne transmission, is increasingly recognized for its zoonotic potential, raising public health concerns for individuals in close contact with animals or animal products. This study aims to evaluate the seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) among slaughterhouse workers in Saudi Arabia and compare it to a control group of blood donors, emphasizing potential occupational risks and associated factors. This comparative cross-sectional study included 239 slaughterhouse workers (study group) and 250 blood donors (control group). HEV IgG antibodies were detected using an in-house ELISA. Sociodemographic data, occupational exposure duration, and animal contact details were analyzed. The HEV seroprevalence was significantly higher in slaughterhouse workers (49.7%) compared to blood donors (22.1%) (p < 0.0001). Age and duration of occupational exposure were strongly predictive of HEV infection, with workers exposed for over one year showing higher odds of seropositivity. Geographic region and type of animal contact showed no significant associations. The findings suggest that prolonged occupational exposure to animals demonstrated increased the risk of HEV infection among slaughterhouse workers. Public health interventions, including improved hygiene measures, health screenings, and potential vaccination, could mitigate the risk of HEV transmission in high-exposure occupations.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00411-zHEVSeroprevalenceELISASaudi ArabiaSlaughterhouse Workers
spellingShingle Thamir A. Alandijany
Shahd M. Balakhtab
Sherif A. El-Kafrawy
Ahmad M. Hassan
Arwa A. Faizo
Tian-Cheng Li
Esam I. Azhar
Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
HEV
Seroprevalence
ELISA
Saudi Arabia
Slaughterhouse Workers
title Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus
title_full Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus
title_fullStr Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus
title_short Assessing Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence among Slaughterhouse Workers in Western Saudi Arabia: Zoonotic Threats in Focus
title_sort assessing hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among slaughterhouse workers in western saudi arabia zoonotic threats in focus
topic HEV
Seroprevalence
ELISA
Saudi Arabia
Slaughterhouse Workers
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00411-z
work_keys_str_mv AT thamiraalandijany assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus
AT shahdmbalakhtab assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus
AT sherifaelkafrawy assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus
AT ahmadmhassan assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus
AT arwaafaizo assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus
AT tianchengli assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus
AT esamiazhar assessinghepatitisevirusseroprevalenceamongslaughterhouseworkersinwesternsaudiarabiazoonoticthreatsinfocus