Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific

The Tropical Indo-Pacific (TIP) includes about two thirds of the world’s tropical oceans and harbors an enormous number of marine species. The distributions of those species within the region is affected by habitat discontinuities and oceanographic features. As well as many smaller ones, the TIP con...

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Main Authors: Rolando Quetzalcoatl Torres-García, Michelle R. Gaither, D. Ross Robertson, Eloisa Torres-Hernández, Jennifer E. Caselle, Jean-Dominique Durand, Arturo Angulo, Eduardo Espinoza-Herrera, Francisco J. García-De León, Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera, Omar Domínguez-Domínguez
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Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2024-09-01
Series:PeerJ
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Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/18058.pdf
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author Rolando Quetzalcoatl Torres-García
Michelle R. Gaither
D. Ross Robertson
Eloisa Torres-Hernández
Jennifer E. Caselle
Jean-Dominique Durand
Arturo Angulo
Eduardo Espinoza-Herrera
Francisco J. García-De León
Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera
Omar Domínguez-Domínguez
author_facet Rolando Quetzalcoatl Torres-García
Michelle R. Gaither
D. Ross Robertson
Eloisa Torres-Hernández
Jennifer E. Caselle
Jean-Dominique Durand
Arturo Angulo
Eduardo Espinoza-Herrera
Francisco J. García-De León
Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera
Omar Domínguez-Domínguez
author_sort Rolando Quetzalcoatl Torres-García
collection DOAJ
description The Tropical Indo-Pacific (TIP) includes about two thirds of the world’s tropical oceans and harbors an enormous number of marine species. The distributions of those species within the region is affected by habitat discontinuities and oceanographic features. As well as many smaller ones, the TIP contains seven large recognized biogeographic barriers that separate the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, the Indian from the Pacific Ocean, the central and eastern Pacific, the Hawaiian archipelago, the Marquesas and Easter Islands. We examined the genetic structuring of populations of Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus, a small cryptic species of reef fish, across its geographic range, which spans the longitudinal limits of the TIP. We assessed geographic variation in the mitochondrial cytb gene and the nuclear RAG1 gene, using 166 samples collected in 46 localities from the western to eastern edges of the TIP. Sequences from cytb show three well-structured groups that are separated by large genetic distances (1.58–2.96%): two in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP), one at Clipperton Atoll another occupying the rest of that region and the third that ranges across the remainder of the TIP, from the central Pacific to the Red Sea and South Africa. These results indicate that the ~4,000 km wide Eastern Pacific Barrier between the central and eastern Pacific is an efficient barrier separating the two main groups. Further, the ~950 km of open ocean that isolates Clipperton Atoll from the rest of the TEP is also an effective barrier. Contrary to many other cases, various major and minor barriers from the Central Indo-Pacific to the Red Sea are not effective against dispersal by C. oxycephalus, although this species has not colonized the Hawiian islands and Easter Island. The nuclear gene partially supports the genetic structure evident in cytb, although all haplotypes are geographically mixed.
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spelling doaj-art-e3dc5fbf1cc74848b8981c0da0760dcd2025-08-20T01:56:14ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592024-09-0112e1805810.7717/peerj.18058Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-PacificRolando Quetzalcoatl Torres-García0Michelle R. Gaither1D. Ross Robertson2Eloisa Torres-Hernández3Jennifer E. Caselle4Jean-Dominique Durand5Arturo Angulo6Eduardo Espinoza-Herrera7Francisco J. García-De León8Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera9Omar Domínguez-Domínguez10Laboratorio de Biología Acuática, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, MexicoDepartment of Biology, Genomics and Bioinformatics Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United StatesSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama, PanamaColección Nacional de Peces, Pabellón Nacional de la Biodiversidad, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, MexicoMarine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United StatesMARBEC, Université de Montpellier-IRD-CNRS, Montpellier Cedex, FranceEscuela de Biología, Museo de Zoología/Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET), y Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, San José, Costa RicaInvestigación Marina Aplicada, Parque Nacional Galápagos, Puerto Ayora, Isla Santa Cruz, EcuadorLaboratorio de Genética para la Conservación, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S. C., La Paz, Baja California Sur, MexicoColección de Peces, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Pichincha, EcuadorLaboratorio de Biología Acuática, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, MexicoThe Tropical Indo-Pacific (TIP) includes about two thirds of the world’s tropical oceans and harbors an enormous number of marine species. The distributions of those species within the region is affected by habitat discontinuities and oceanographic features. As well as many smaller ones, the TIP contains seven large recognized biogeographic barriers that separate the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, the Indian from the Pacific Ocean, the central and eastern Pacific, the Hawaiian archipelago, the Marquesas and Easter Islands. We examined the genetic structuring of populations of Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus, a small cryptic species of reef fish, across its geographic range, which spans the longitudinal limits of the TIP. We assessed geographic variation in the mitochondrial cytb gene and the nuclear RAG1 gene, using 166 samples collected in 46 localities from the western to eastern edges of the TIP. Sequences from cytb show three well-structured groups that are separated by large genetic distances (1.58–2.96%): two in the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP), one at Clipperton Atoll another occupying the rest of that region and the third that ranges across the remainder of the TIP, from the central Pacific to the Red Sea and South Africa. These results indicate that the ~4,000 km wide Eastern Pacific Barrier between the central and eastern Pacific is an efficient barrier separating the two main groups. Further, the ~950 km of open ocean that isolates Clipperton Atoll from the rest of the TEP is also an effective barrier. Contrary to many other cases, various major and minor barriers from the Central Indo-Pacific to the Red Sea are not effective against dispersal by C. oxycephalus, although this species has not colonized the Hawiian islands and Easter Island. The nuclear gene partially supports the genetic structure evident in cytb, although all haplotypes are geographically mixed.https://peerj.com/articles/18058.pdfTropical Indo-PacificBiogeographic barriersHaplogroupsGenetic structureCirrhitidae
spellingShingle Rolando Quetzalcoatl Torres-García
Michelle R. Gaither
D. Ross Robertson
Eloisa Torres-Hernández
Jennifer E. Caselle
Jean-Dominique Durand
Arturo Angulo
Eduardo Espinoza-Herrera
Francisco J. García-De León
Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera
Omar Domínguez-Domínguez
Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific
PeerJ
Tropical Indo-Pacific
Biogeographic barriers
Haplogroups
Genetic structure
Cirrhitidae
title Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific
title_full Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific
title_fullStr Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific
title_full_unstemmed Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific
title_short Geographic genetic variation in the Coral Hawkfish, Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Cirrhitidae), in relation to biogeographic barriers across the Tropical Indo-Pacific
title_sort geographic genetic variation in the coral hawkfish cirrhitichthys oxycephalus cirrhitidae in relation to biogeographic barriers across the tropical indo pacific
topic Tropical Indo-Pacific
Biogeographic barriers
Haplogroups
Genetic structure
Cirrhitidae
url https://peerj.com/articles/18058.pdf
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