Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a promising cash crop in Tanzania, but reliance on poor quality, noncertified propagules hampers the market potential. The Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute (TOSCI) has established minimum certification standards for nursery-propagated avocado plants...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nugwa F. Bugudole, Emmanuely Z. Nungula, Newton Kilasi, Yasinta Nzogela
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Cogent Food & Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311932.2024.2447895
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850048341005565952
author Nugwa F. Bugudole
Emmanuely Z. Nungula
Newton Kilasi
Yasinta Nzogela
author_facet Nugwa F. Bugudole
Emmanuely Z. Nungula
Newton Kilasi
Yasinta Nzogela
author_sort Nugwa F. Bugudole
collection DOAJ
description Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a promising cash crop in Tanzania, but reliance on poor quality, noncertified propagules hampers the market potential. The Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute (TOSCI) has established minimum certification standards for nursery-propagated avocado plants to enhance the seedling quality. This study evaluated current grafting practices and propagule quality against TOSCI standards across three regions: Morogoro, Mbeya, and Njombe, involving 90 randomly selected avocado seedling growers. Recent findings indicate that 40%, 98.9%, 7.8%, 63.3%, 96.7%, 98.9%, and 84.4% of growers adhered to recommended nursery isolation distances, utilized local market seeds for rootstock, treated seeds before prepared media with a mixture of soil and organic matter, did not sterilize grafting equipment, used healthy rootstock, selected scions from orchards younger than seven years, respectively. Based on current grafting practices 37.8% and 64.4% of participants adhered to the recommended rootstock diameter and the specified size for polythene bags. In contrast, the grafting point heights in all three regions conformed to the established standards. For pathogenic fungal 37.8% and 33.3% of potting soil samples tested positive for Phytophthora cinnamomi and Fusarium oxysporum, respectively. These results underscore the need for improved education and extension services to foster adherence to TOSCI standards, ultimately enhancing the quality of avocado seedling production in Tanzania.
format Article
id doaj-art-e3c81099fc08452ca1430cc0935637b5
institution DOAJ
issn 2331-1932
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Cogent Food & Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-e3c81099fc08452ca1430cc0935637b52025-08-20T02:53:58ZengTaylor & Francis GroupCogent Food & Agriculture2331-19322025-12-0111110.1080/23311932.2024.2447895Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in TanzaniaNugwa F. Bugudole0Emmanuely Z. Nungula1Newton Kilasi2Yasinta Nzogela3Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute, Morogoro, TanzaniaDepartment of Environment and Sustainable Development, Mzumbe University, Morogoro, TanzaniaDepartment of Crop Science and Horticulture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, TanzaniaDepartment of Crop Science and Horticulture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, TanzaniaAvocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a promising cash crop in Tanzania, but reliance on poor quality, noncertified propagules hampers the market potential. The Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute (TOSCI) has established minimum certification standards for nursery-propagated avocado plants to enhance the seedling quality. This study evaluated current grafting practices and propagule quality against TOSCI standards across three regions: Morogoro, Mbeya, and Njombe, involving 90 randomly selected avocado seedling growers. Recent findings indicate that 40%, 98.9%, 7.8%, 63.3%, 96.7%, 98.9%, and 84.4% of growers adhered to recommended nursery isolation distances, utilized local market seeds for rootstock, treated seeds before prepared media with a mixture of soil and organic matter, did not sterilize grafting equipment, used healthy rootstock, selected scions from orchards younger than seven years, respectively. Based on current grafting practices 37.8% and 64.4% of participants adhered to the recommended rootstock diameter and the specified size for polythene bags. In contrast, the grafting point heights in all three regions conformed to the established standards. For pathogenic fungal 37.8% and 33.3% of potting soil samples tested positive for Phytophthora cinnamomi and Fusarium oxysporum, respectively. These results underscore the need for improved education and extension services to foster adherence to TOSCI standards, ultimately enhancing the quality of avocado seedling production in Tanzania.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311932.2024.2447895Grafting practiceavocado seedling (AS)rootstockscioncertification standardAgriculture & Environmental Sciences
spellingShingle Nugwa F. Bugudole
Emmanuely Z. Nungula
Newton Kilasi
Yasinta Nzogela
Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania
Cogent Food & Agriculture
Grafting practice
avocado seedling (AS)
rootstock
scion
certification standard
Agriculture & Environmental Sciences
title Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania
title_full Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania
title_fullStr Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania
title_short Assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in Tanzania
title_sort assessment of avocado grafting practices and propagules quality against minimum certification standards in tanzania
topic Grafting practice
avocado seedling (AS)
rootstock
scion
certification standard
Agriculture & Environmental Sciences
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/23311932.2024.2447895
work_keys_str_mv AT nugwafbugudole assessmentofavocadograftingpracticesandpropagulesqualityagainstminimumcertificationstandardsintanzania
AT emmanuelyznungula assessmentofavocadograftingpracticesandpropagulesqualityagainstminimumcertificationstandardsintanzania
AT newtonkilasi assessmentofavocadograftingpracticesandpropagulesqualityagainstminimumcertificationstandardsintanzania
AT yasintanzogela assessmentofavocadograftingpracticesandpropagulesqualityagainstminimumcertificationstandardsintanzania