Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution

Antibiotic contamination constitutes a serious environmental and public health risk. In order to fill the gap in the study of plasma degradation of erythromycin (ERY), this paper systematically investigated the mechanism of ERY degradation by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. The underlying...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yifan Liu, Xiaolong Wang, Zongzheng Wang, Tianao Xv, Xiaowen Dai, Yadi Liu, Ying Sun, Tong Zhao, Yuantao Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/3/625
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850068191461507072
author Yifan Liu
Xiaolong Wang
Zongzheng Wang
Tianao Xv
Xiaowen Dai
Yadi Liu
Ying Sun
Tong Zhao
Yuantao Zhang
author_facet Yifan Liu
Xiaolong Wang
Zongzheng Wang
Tianao Xv
Xiaowen Dai
Yadi Liu
Ying Sun
Tong Zhao
Yuantao Zhang
author_sort Yifan Liu
collection DOAJ
description Antibiotic contamination constitutes a serious environmental and public health risk. In order to fill the gap in the study of plasma degradation of erythromycin (ERY), this paper systematically investigated the mechanism of ERY degradation by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. The underlying reaction mechanisms were investigated by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Plasma emission spectra revealed active hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and argon (Ar) spectral lines. The degradation efficiency of plasma treatment for ERY was found to be strongly influenced by treatment parameters, including applied voltage, treatment duration, and gas flow rate. In particular, a maximum degradation of 90% was achieved for a 250 mg/L ERY solution under conditions of 18 kV voltage, 850 sccm gas flow rate, and 60 min of treatment. The presence of ·OH and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) in the reaction and their important role in the degradation were proved experimentally. Fracture of the ERY lactone ring induced by hydrogen abstraction reactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed by molecular dynamics simulations. In the in vitro antimicrobial assays targeting <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, the treated solutions demonstrated low toxicity, underscoring the practical applicability of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technology in addressing antibiotic contamination in aquatic environments.
format Article
id doaj-art-e3797fb6c04e4f85ab0fdcd1c33d1a75
institution DOAJ
issn 1420-3049
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Molecules
spelling doaj-art-e3797fb6c04e4f85ab0fdcd1c33d1a752025-08-20T02:48:07ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130362510.3390/molecules30030625Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin SolutionYifan Liu0Xiaolong Wang1Zongzheng Wang2Tianao Xv3Xiaowen Dai4Yadi Liu5Ying Sun6Tong Zhao7Yuantao Zhang8School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, ChinaAntibiotic contamination constitutes a serious environmental and public health risk. In order to fill the gap in the study of plasma degradation of erythromycin (ERY), this paper systematically investigated the mechanism of ERY degradation by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. The underlying reaction mechanisms were investigated by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Plasma emission spectra revealed active hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and argon (Ar) spectral lines. The degradation efficiency of plasma treatment for ERY was found to be strongly influenced by treatment parameters, including applied voltage, treatment duration, and gas flow rate. In particular, a maximum degradation of 90% was achieved for a 250 mg/L ERY solution under conditions of 18 kV voltage, 850 sccm gas flow rate, and 60 min of treatment. The presence of ·OH and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) in the reaction and their important role in the degradation were proved experimentally. Fracture of the ERY lactone ring induced by hydrogen abstraction reactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed by molecular dynamics simulations. In the in vitro antimicrobial assays targeting <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, the treated solutions demonstrated low toxicity, underscoring the practical applicability of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technology in addressing antibiotic contamination in aquatic environments.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/3/625dielectric barrier discharge plasmaantibiotic degradationerythromycin
spellingShingle Yifan Liu
Xiaolong Wang
Zongzheng Wang
Tianao Xv
Xiaowen Dai
Yadi Liu
Ying Sun
Tong Zhao
Yuantao Zhang
Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution
Molecules
dielectric barrier discharge plasma
antibiotic degradation
erythromycin
title Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution
title_full Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution
title_fullStr Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution
title_short Investigation of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma for the Degradation of Erythromycin Solution
title_sort investigation of dielectric barrier discharge plasma for the degradation of erythromycin solution
topic dielectric barrier discharge plasma
antibiotic degradation
erythromycin
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/3/625
work_keys_str_mv AT yifanliu investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT xiaolongwang investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT zongzhengwang investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT tianaoxv investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT xiaowendai investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT yadiliu investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT yingsun investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT tongzhao investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution
AT yuantaozhang investigationofdielectricbarrierdischargeplasmaforthedegradationoferythromycinsolution