Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method
In this study, we examine the volatilization of oxygen in titanium under electron beam melting (EBM) conditions, correlating the beam output with oxygen content changes. The potential for titanium deoxidation through the application of electron beams remains a subject of ongoing debate. To verify th...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Electrochemistry Communications |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248124001991 |
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| author | Hyun chul Kim Namhun Kwon Jae-Hong Shin Dong hyun Kim Soong Ju Oh Kyoung-Tae Park |
| author_facet | Hyun chul Kim Namhun Kwon Jae-Hong Shin Dong hyun Kim Soong Ju Oh Kyoung-Tae Park |
| author_sort | Hyun chul Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we examine the volatilization of oxygen in titanium under electron beam melting (EBM) conditions, correlating the beam output with oxygen content changes. The potential for titanium deoxidation through the application of electron beams remains a subject of ongoing debate. To verify this experimentally, the effects of electron beam processing on the oxygen contents of different titanium raw materials are quantified by nitrogen/oxygen analysis. Moreover, the mechanism of oxygen diffusion in titanium, which is affected by the positively charged surface layer generated by the electron beam, is evaluated by determining the corresponding activation energy using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. An average reduction of oxygen concentration by 50 % was observed following EBM. Residual gas analysis confirmed the evolution of oxygen gas over a duration of 10 min. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that deoxidation is feasible at temperatures exceeding 4,000 K in a vacuum of approximately 5 × 10−7 Torr, thereby substantiating the potential for deoxidation. Furthermore, DFT calculations demonstrated that the oxygen diffusion coefficient increases proportionally with an increase in positive surface charge, thereby facilitating the removal of oxygen in an electron beam environment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e35ea2df7fab43878f83a8ed600e177a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1388-2481 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electrochemistry Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-e35ea2df7fab43878f83a8ed600e177a2025-01-12T05:24:26ZengElsevierElectrochemistry Communications1388-24812025-01-01170107856Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting methodHyun chul Kim0Namhun Kwon1Jae-Hong Shin2Dong hyun Kim3Soong Ju Oh4Kyoung-Tae Park5Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 194, Hogupo-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21655, Republic of KoreaKorea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 194, Hogupo-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21655, Republic of KoreaKorea Institute of Industrial Technology, 194, Hogupo-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21655, Republic of KoreaKorea Institute of Industrial Technology, 194, Hogupo-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21655, Republic of KoreaKorea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaKorea Institute of Industrial Technology, 194, Hogupo-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21655, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.In this study, we examine the volatilization of oxygen in titanium under electron beam melting (EBM) conditions, correlating the beam output with oxygen content changes. The potential for titanium deoxidation through the application of electron beams remains a subject of ongoing debate. To verify this experimentally, the effects of electron beam processing on the oxygen contents of different titanium raw materials are quantified by nitrogen/oxygen analysis. Moreover, the mechanism of oxygen diffusion in titanium, which is affected by the positively charged surface layer generated by the electron beam, is evaluated by determining the corresponding activation energy using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. An average reduction of oxygen concentration by 50 % was observed following EBM. Residual gas analysis confirmed the evolution of oxygen gas over a duration of 10 min. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that deoxidation is feasible at temperatures exceeding 4,000 K in a vacuum of approximately 5 × 10−7 Torr, thereby substantiating the potential for deoxidation. Furthermore, DFT calculations demonstrated that the oxygen diffusion coefficient increases proportionally with an increase in positive surface charge, thereby facilitating the removal of oxygen in an electron beam environment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248124001991Electron beam meltingTitanium deoxidationResidual gas analysisDensity functional theoryOxygen partial pressure |
| spellingShingle | Hyun chul Kim Namhun Kwon Jae-Hong Shin Dong hyun Kim Soong Ju Oh Kyoung-Tae Park Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method Electrochemistry Communications Electron beam melting Titanium deoxidation Residual gas analysis Density functional theory Oxygen partial pressure |
| title | Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method |
| title_full | Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method |
| title_fullStr | Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method |
| title_short | Titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method |
| title_sort | titanium deoxidation mechanism probed using an electron beam melting method |
| topic | Electron beam melting Titanium deoxidation Residual gas analysis Density functional theory Oxygen partial pressure |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248124001991 |
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