Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind

Abstract The occurrence of diseases during greenhouse vegetable cultivation is becoming increasingly severe. Humidity and wind are important factors affecting the spread of many pathogenic fungal spores, but it remains difficult to explain the phenomenon of rapid spore spread in greenhouses. Here, t...

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Main Authors: Jiayi Ma, Ali Chai, Yanxia Shi, Xuewen Xie, Lei Li, Sheng Xiang, Xianhua Sun, Tengfei Fan, Baoju Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-07-01
Series:Advanced Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501500
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author Jiayi Ma
Ali Chai
Yanxia Shi
Xuewen Xie
Lei Li
Sheng Xiang
Xianhua Sun
Tengfei Fan
Baoju Li
author_facet Jiayi Ma
Ali Chai
Yanxia Shi
Xuewen Xie
Lei Li
Sheng Xiang
Xianhua Sun
Tengfei Fan
Baoju Li
author_sort Jiayi Ma
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The occurrence of diseases during greenhouse vegetable cultivation is becoming increasingly severe. Humidity and wind are important factors affecting the spread of many pathogenic fungal spores, but it remains difficult to explain the phenomenon of rapid spore spread in greenhouses. Here, the detachment of spores from hyphae during rapid drops in humidity and their subsequent dispersal due to wind is detailed. It is demonstrated that Corynespora cassiicola spores exhibit jerking movements during humidity reduction, resulting in spore discharge, and that spore connections are weaker in high‐humidity environments than in low‐humidity environments. This investigation across the fungal kingdom further reveals that jerking movements are common in the tested hyphomycete spore species. Spores rely mainly on wind to spread after being discharged from hyphae, and their spread range is influenced by factors such as wind speed, spore source height, and spore age. In summary, it is discovered that the combined effects of diurnal humidity fluctuations and wind drive the rapid spread of pathogenic spores in greenhouses, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing control strategies for airborne fungal diseases in greenhouses.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2198-3844
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Advanced Science
spelling doaj-art-e34a408dc1664ca7973a0d04f09a74022025-08-20T03:28:58ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442025-07-011225n/an/a10.1002/advs.202501500Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and WindJiayi Ma0Ali Chai1Yanxia Shi2Xuewen Xie3Lei Li4Sheng Xiang5Xianhua Sun6Tengfei Fan7Baoju Li8State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 ChinaAbstract The occurrence of diseases during greenhouse vegetable cultivation is becoming increasingly severe. Humidity and wind are important factors affecting the spread of many pathogenic fungal spores, but it remains difficult to explain the phenomenon of rapid spore spread in greenhouses. Here, the detachment of spores from hyphae during rapid drops in humidity and their subsequent dispersal due to wind is detailed. It is demonstrated that Corynespora cassiicola spores exhibit jerking movements during humidity reduction, resulting in spore discharge, and that spore connections are weaker in high‐humidity environments than in low‐humidity environments. This investigation across the fungal kingdom further reveals that jerking movements are common in the tested hyphomycete spore species. Spores rely mainly on wind to spread after being discharged from hyphae, and their spread range is influenced by factors such as wind speed, spore source height, and spore age. In summary, it is discovered that the combined effects of diurnal humidity fluctuations and wind drive the rapid spread of pathogenic spores in greenhouses, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing control strategies for airborne fungal diseases in greenhouses.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501500airborne pathogengreenhouse humiditypathogen transmissionspore dispersaltarget leaf spot
spellingShingle Jiayi Ma
Ali Chai
Yanxia Shi
Xuewen Xie
Lei Li
Sheng Xiang
Xianhua Sun
Tengfei Fan
Baoju Li
Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind
Advanced Science
airborne pathogen
greenhouse humidity
pathogen transmission
spore dispersal
target leaf spot
title Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind
title_full Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind
title_fullStr Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind
title_full_unstemmed Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind
title_short Diurnal Release of Airborne Pathogen Spores in Greenhouses via the Synergistic Effects of Relative Humidity and Wind
title_sort diurnal release of airborne pathogen spores in greenhouses via the synergistic effects of relative humidity and wind
topic airborne pathogen
greenhouse humidity
pathogen transmission
spore dispersal
target leaf spot
url https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501500
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