Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture

Atypical femoral fracture is a low-energy stress fracture in the subtrochanteric region or the femoral shaft and is a complication of the long-term use of bisphosphonates. Histopathological findings of atypical femoral fractures have not been clarified. Herein, we report the case of a 61-year-old wo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yo Watanabe, Naoki Kondo, Tomomi Fukuhara, Norio Imai, Masahiko Yamada, Naoto Endo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:Case Reports in Orthopedics
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6624414
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832564920949932032
author Yo Watanabe
Naoki Kondo
Tomomi Fukuhara
Norio Imai
Masahiko Yamada
Naoto Endo
author_facet Yo Watanabe
Naoki Kondo
Tomomi Fukuhara
Norio Imai
Masahiko Yamada
Naoto Endo
author_sort Yo Watanabe
collection DOAJ
description Atypical femoral fracture is a low-energy stress fracture in the subtrochanteric region or the femoral shaft and is a complication of the long-term use of bisphosphonates. Histopathological findings of atypical femoral fractures have not been clarified. Herein, we report the case of a 61-year-old woman who fell while walking, which prompted her to visit our facility. She had a 7-year history of alendronate use to treat osteoporosis. A radiograph showed an atypical subtrochanteric femoral fracture, following which she underwent a primary surgery, where an intramedullary femoral nail was used. Implant breakage was discovered 8 weeks after the primary surgery. The patient underwent a revision surgery in which the entry point for the revised intramedullary hole was created to prevent varus position. The lag screw was successfully inserted into the center of the femoral head. Cancellous bone, isolated from the right ilium, was autogenously implanted into the fracture site. Fracture healing was promoted using low-intensity pulse ultrasonography. Callus formation was detected on a radiograph, and full weight-bearing was advised 12 weeks after the revision surgery. The fracture had healed completely at 13 months after the revision surgery. The patient was able to walk without support and could independently perform activities of daily life. Laboratory findings suggested that the concentrations of her bone formation markers were normal, while those of bone resorption markers were elevated. Iliac bone histomorphometry did not reveal severely suppressed bone turnover. In the cortex of fracture site, the lacunar density was markedly lower than the osteocyte density, and microcracks were detected, suggesting impaired osteocyte function and a low potential for fracture healing. This case is notable because it helps to clarify the histopathological findings of atypical femoral fractures.
format Article
id doaj-art-e3468e544dd14097be279dcde2eed445
institution Kabale University
issn 2090-6749
2090-6757
language English
publishDate 2021-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Case Reports in Orthopedics
spelling doaj-art-e3468e544dd14097be279dcde2eed4452025-02-03T01:09:56ZengWileyCase Reports in Orthopedics2090-67492090-67572021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66244146624414Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral FractureYo Watanabe0Naoki Kondo1Tomomi Fukuhara2Norio Imai3Masahiko Yamada4Naoto Endo5Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, JapanDivision of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, JapanDivision of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, JapanDivision of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences (Orthopedic Surgery), 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, JapanDivision of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, JapanDivision of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Prefectural Tsubame Rosai Hospital, 633 Sawatari, Ooaza, Tsubame, Niigata 959-1228, JapanAtypical femoral fracture is a low-energy stress fracture in the subtrochanteric region or the femoral shaft and is a complication of the long-term use of bisphosphonates. Histopathological findings of atypical femoral fractures have not been clarified. Herein, we report the case of a 61-year-old woman who fell while walking, which prompted her to visit our facility. She had a 7-year history of alendronate use to treat osteoporosis. A radiograph showed an atypical subtrochanteric femoral fracture, following which she underwent a primary surgery, where an intramedullary femoral nail was used. Implant breakage was discovered 8 weeks after the primary surgery. The patient underwent a revision surgery in which the entry point for the revised intramedullary hole was created to prevent varus position. The lag screw was successfully inserted into the center of the femoral head. Cancellous bone, isolated from the right ilium, was autogenously implanted into the fracture site. Fracture healing was promoted using low-intensity pulse ultrasonography. Callus formation was detected on a radiograph, and full weight-bearing was advised 12 weeks after the revision surgery. The fracture had healed completely at 13 months after the revision surgery. The patient was able to walk without support and could independently perform activities of daily life. Laboratory findings suggested that the concentrations of her bone formation markers were normal, while those of bone resorption markers were elevated. Iliac bone histomorphometry did not reveal severely suppressed bone turnover. In the cortex of fracture site, the lacunar density was markedly lower than the osteocyte density, and microcracks were detected, suggesting impaired osteocyte function and a low potential for fracture healing. This case is notable because it helps to clarify the histopathological findings of atypical femoral fractures.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6624414
spellingShingle Yo Watanabe
Naoki Kondo
Tomomi Fukuhara
Norio Imai
Masahiko Yamada
Naoto Endo
Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture
Case Reports in Orthopedics
title Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture
title_full Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture
title_fullStr Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture
title_full_unstemmed Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture
title_short Histopathological Finding of Microdamage Accumulation in Atypical Subtrochanteric Femoral Fracture
title_sort histopathological finding of microdamage accumulation in atypical subtrochanteric femoral fracture
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6624414
work_keys_str_mv AT yowatanabe histopathologicalfindingofmicrodamageaccumulationinatypicalsubtrochantericfemoralfracture
AT naokikondo histopathologicalfindingofmicrodamageaccumulationinatypicalsubtrochantericfemoralfracture
AT tomomifukuhara histopathologicalfindingofmicrodamageaccumulationinatypicalsubtrochantericfemoralfracture
AT norioimai histopathologicalfindingofmicrodamageaccumulationinatypicalsubtrochantericfemoralfracture
AT masahikoyamada histopathologicalfindingofmicrodamageaccumulationinatypicalsubtrochantericfemoralfracture
AT naotoendo histopathologicalfindingofmicrodamageaccumulationinatypicalsubtrochantericfemoralfracture