Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000
A green electrochemical method was developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using silver plate electrodes and polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG-1000) as the sole electrolyte. Optimum conditions were established at 2 % (w/v) PEG-1000, an applied voltage of 24 V for 15 min and a temperature of 60 °C....
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001215 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850207995303034880 |
|---|---|
| author | Sulistyani Sri Juari Santosa Roto Isana Supiah Yosephine Louise Iqmal Tahir |
| author_facet | Sulistyani Sri Juari Santosa Roto Isana Supiah Yosephine Louise Iqmal Tahir |
| author_sort | Sulistyani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A green electrochemical method was developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using silver plate electrodes and polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG-1000) as the sole electrolyte. Optimum conditions were established at 2 % (w/v) PEG-1000, an applied voltage of 24 V for 15 min and a temperature of 60 °C. The deprotonated terminal hydroxyl groups of PEG-1000 played multiple roles, including facilitating Ag+ extraction from the anode, promoting Ag+ migration to the cathode for reduction to Ag, and directly reducing Ag+ to Ag in the electrolyte solution, while they undergoing oxidation to carboxylates. Diffusion serves as an electron transfer model that drives redox reactions in the electrolyte solution, with each PEG-1000 molecule facilitating a single electron transfer. The remaining terminal hydroxyl groups of PEG-1000 molecules formed hydrogen bonds with each other, creating a rigid structure that provided a confined space for silver nanoparticle growth. Meanwhile, the negatively charged carboxylates at the opposite end of the PEG-1000 molecules extended outward, creating an electrostatic barrier that prevented nanoparticle agglomeration. As a result, highly stable, ultra-small silver nanoparticles with well-defined plasmon peaks, a nearly spherical morphology, and a uniform average size of 3.96 ± 0.04 nm were successfully synthesized. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e34613a061b34db7bc5d7b2119ebda82 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2666-0164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-e34613a061b34db7bc5d7b2119ebda822025-08-20T02:10:20ZengElsevierCase Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering2666-01642025-06-011110121410.1016/j.cscee.2025.101214Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 Sulistyani0Sri Juari Santosa1 Roto2Isana Supiah Yosephine Louise3Iqmal Tahir4Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaCentre for Environmental Studies, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, IndonesiaA green electrochemical method was developed to synthesize silver nanoparticles using silver plate electrodes and polyethylene glycol 1000 (PEG-1000) as the sole electrolyte. Optimum conditions were established at 2 % (w/v) PEG-1000, an applied voltage of 24 V for 15 min and a temperature of 60 °C. The deprotonated terminal hydroxyl groups of PEG-1000 played multiple roles, including facilitating Ag+ extraction from the anode, promoting Ag+ migration to the cathode for reduction to Ag, and directly reducing Ag+ to Ag in the electrolyte solution, while they undergoing oxidation to carboxylates. Diffusion serves as an electron transfer model that drives redox reactions in the electrolyte solution, with each PEG-1000 molecule facilitating a single electron transfer. The remaining terminal hydroxyl groups of PEG-1000 molecules formed hydrogen bonds with each other, creating a rigid structure that provided a confined space for silver nanoparticle growth. Meanwhile, the negatively charged carboxylates at the opposite end of the PEG-1000 molecules extended outward, creating an electrostatic barrier that prevented nanoparticle agglomeration. As a result, highly stable, ultra-small silver nanoparticles with well-defined plasmon peaks, a nearly spherical morphology, and a uniform average size of 3.96 ± 0.04 nm were successfully synthesized.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001215Green electrochemical synthesisSilver nanoparticlesPolyethylene glycol-1000Silver plate electrodes |
| spellingShingle | Sulistyani Sri Juari Santosa Roto Isana Supiah Yosephine Louise Iqmal Tahir Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering Green electrochemical synthesis Silver nanoparticles Polyethylene glycol-1000 Silver plate electrodes |
| title | Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 |
| title_full | Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 |
| title_fullStr | Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 |
| title_short | Green electrochemical synthesis of ultra-small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol-1000 |
| title_sort | green electrochemical synthesis of ultra small and highly stable silver nanoparticles in an electrolyte solution of polyethylene glycol 1000 |
| topic | Green electrochemical synthesis Silver nanoparticles Polyethylene glycol-1000 Silver plate electrodes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001215 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sulistyani greenelectrochemicalsynthesisofultrasmallandhighlystablesilvernanoparticlesinanelectrolytesolutionofpolyethyleneglycol1000 AT srijuarisantosa greenelectrochemicalsynthesisofultrasmallandhighlystablesilvernanoparticlesinanelectrolytesolutionofpolyethyleneglycol1000 AT roto greenelectrochemicalsynthesisofultrasmallandhighlystablesilvernanoparticlesinanelectrolytesolutionofpolyethyleneglycol1000 AT isanasupiahyosephinelouise greenelectrochemicalsynthesisofultrasmallandhighlystablesilvernanoparticlesinanelectrolytesolutionofpolyethyleneglycol1000 AT iqmaltahir greenelectrochemicalsynthesisofultrasmallandhighlystablesilvernanoparticlesinanelectrolytesolutionofpolyethyleneglycol1000 |