Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile
Air pollution from particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) may negatively impact students’ learning due to its neurotoxic effects. Therefore, we ask: What is the effect of PM<sub>2.5</sub> air pollution on the academic performance of Chilean eighth-grade students? Objective...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| author | Andrea González-Rojas Hanns de la Fuente-Mella Sonnia Parra Fernando Cancino-Haas Catalina Coiro-Nicolas Javiera Godoy-Saavedra Melanie Pastén-Torres Elizabeth Verdejo-Zamora Agustín Dotte-González Paulo Salinas Martina Valencia-Narbona Oscar Achiardi Felipe Granada-Granada Pablo A. Lizana Manuel A. Bravo |
| author_facet | Andrea González-Rojas Hanns de la Fuente-Mella Sonnia Parra Fernando Cancino-Haas Catalina Coiro-Nicolas Javiera Godoy-Saavedra Melanie Pastén-Torres Elizabeth Verdejo-Zamora Agustín Dotte-González Paulo Salinas Martina Valencia-Narbona Oscar Achiardi Felipe Granada-Granada Pablo A. Lizana Manuel A. Bravo |
| author_sort | Andrea González-Rojas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Air pollution from particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) may negatively impact students’ learning due to its neurotoxic effects. Therefore, we ask: What is the effect of PM<sub>2.5</sub> air pollution on the academic performance of Chilean eighth-grade students? Objective: To compare the academic performance of eighth-grade students living in the three most PM<sub>2.5</sub>-polluted areas of Chile with those living in the three least polluted areas. Additionally, we compared the academic performance of schools in the most and least polluted areas according to their administrative dependency. Methodology: Academic performance was assessed using the results of the 2019 SIMCE test (mathematics, and language score). The most and least polluted areas were determined based on the three-year average PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels reported by the Chilean Ministry of the Environment. Results: The mathematics and language scores were lower in schools located in areas with higher pollution PM<sub>2.5</sub> with a small effect size. When analyzing the scores by administrative dependency, students from subsidized schools in highly polluted areas obtained lower scores in all tests compared to those in less polluted areas, a pattern not observed in private or municipal schools. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution alone may not fully explain variations in academic performance, highlighting the need to explore additional contributing factors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e3297d77a8d34172bc2610581e1c871f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-e3297d77a8d34172bc2610581e1c871f2025-08-20T01:56:14ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-05-011510547410.3390/app15105474Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in ChileAndrea González-Rojas0Hanns de la Fuente-Mella1Sonnia Parra2Fernando Cancino-Haas3Catalina Coiro-Nicolas4Javiera Godoy-Saavedra5Melanie Pastén-Torres6Elizabeth Verdejo-Zamora7Agustín Dotte-González8Paulo Salinas9Martina Valencia-Narbona10Oscar Achiardi11Felipe Granada-Granada12Pablo A. Lizana13Manuel A. Bravo14Escuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileInstituto de Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340031, ChileGrupo de Quimiometría Aplicada, Laboratorio de Química Analítica y Ambiental, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2340025, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileLaboratory of Animal & Experimental Morphology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2340025, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileEscuela de Kinesiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileLaboratory of Epidemiology and Morphological Sciences, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, ChileGrupo de Quimiometría Aplicada, Laboratorio de Química Analítica y Ambiental, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Universidad 330, Valparaíso 2340025, ChileAir pollution from particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) may negatively impact students’ learning due to its neurotoxic effects. Therefore, we ask: What is the effect of PM<sub>2.5</sub> air pollution on the academic performance of Chilean eighth-grade students? Objective: To compare the academic performance of eighth-grade students living in the three most PM<sub>2.5</sub>-polluted areas of Chile with those living in the three least polluted areas. Additionally, we compared the academic performance of schools in the most and least polluted areas according to their administrative dependency. Methodology: Academic performance was assessed using the results of the 2019 SIMCE test (mathematics, and language score). The most and least polluted areas were determined based on the three-year average PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels reported by the Chilean Ministry of the Environment. Results: The mathematics and language scores were lower in schools located in areas with higher pollution PM<sub>2.5</sub> with a small effect size. When analyzing the scores by administrative dependency, students from subsidized schools in highly polluted areas obtained lower scores in all tests compared to those in less polluted areas, a pattern not observed in private or municipal schools. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution alone may not fully explain variations in academic performance, highlighting the need to explore additional contributing factors.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/10/5474air pollutionPM<sub>2.5</sub>childrenacademic performance |
| spellingShingle | Andrea González-Rojas Hanns de la Fuente-Mella Sonnia Parra Fernando Cancino-Haas Catalina Coiro-Nicolas Javiera Godoy-Saavedra Melanie Pastén-Torres Elizabeth Verdejo-Zamora Agustín Dotte-González Paulo Salinas Martina Valencia-Narbona Oscar Achiardi Felipe Granada-Granada Pablo A. Lizana Manuel A. Bravo Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile Applied Sciences air pollution PM<sub>2.5</sub> children academic performance |
| title | Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile |
| title_full | Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile |
| title_short | Assessing the Impact of Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> Air Pollution on the Academic Performance of Schoolchildren in Chile |
| title_sort | assessing the impact of exposure to pm sub 2 5 sub air pollution on the academic performance of schoolchildren in chile |
| topic | air pollution PM<sub>2.5</sub> children academic performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/10/5474 |
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