Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve

BACKGROUND: Patients with prosthetic aortic valve (PAV) require warfarin for prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications. International normalized ratio (INR) is utilized to monitor the safety and efficacy of warfarin therapy; an INR goal of 2.5 to 3.5 is generally recommended. AIM: This case report...

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Main Authors: Habibe Tulin Elmaslar Mert, Merve Aytekin, Ertugrul Topcu, Zerrin Yulugkural, Figen Kuloglu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524004260
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author Habibe Tulin Elmaslar Mert
Merve Aytekin
Ertugrul Topcu
Zerrin Yulugkural
Figen Kuloglu
author_facet Habibe Tulin Elmaslar Mert
Merve Aytekin
Ertugrul Topcu
Zerrin Yulugkural
Figen Kuloglu
author_sort Habibe Tulin Elmaslar Mert
collection DOAJ
description BACKGROUND: Patients with prosthetic aortic valve (PAV) require warfarin for prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications. International normalized ratio (INR) is utilized to monitor the safety and efficacy of warfarin therapy; an INR goal of 2.5 to 3.5 is generally recommended. AIM: This case report discusses the challenges faced in managing a patient with acute hepatitis B and syphilis coinfection on warfarin therapy. CASE: A 62-year-old man with hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease presented with malaise, fatigue, anorexia, persisting for the last month. He had undergone PAV replacement four months ago and was on warfarin therapy since then. During the operation, eight units of erythrocyte suspension was administered.His laboratory results; alanin aminotransferase (ALT):1394 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST):1164 U/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP):242 U/L, total bilirubin:3.5 mg/dL. His Anti-HBc IgM, HBsAg, Anti-HBe were positive; HBeAg, Anti-HBs were negative. Due to an INR of 3.54, tenofovir disoproxil therapy was initiated to prevent fulminant liver failure. However, his INR increased to 9.38, necessiteting the discontinuation of warfarin and the initiation of vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma. When we observed a biphasic pattern in ALT levels, hepatitis delta antibody, RPR, TPHA were tested. Hepatitis delta antibody was negative, RPR was ½ positive, TPHA was 1/640 positive, although he had no signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis. Penicillin G benzathine 2.4 million units IM was administered once. CONCLUSION: When we observe a biphasic pattern of ALT levels during an acute hepatitis B infection, both hepatitis delta and syphilis should be thought in the differential diagnosis.
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spelling doaj-art-e3288eabedc94a5f85e9daaafd00416e2025-08-20T02:57:24ZengElsevierJournal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance2213-71652024-12-01397710.1016/j.jgar.2024.10.249Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic ValveHabibe Tulin Elmaslar Mert0Merve Aytekin1Ertugrul Topcu2Zerrin Yulugkural3Figen Kuloglu4Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Trakya University, Edirne, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Trakya University, Edirne, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sirnak State Hospital, Sirnak, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Trakya University, Edirne, TurkiyeDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Trakya University, Edirne, TurkiyeBACKGROUND: Patients with prosthetic aortic valve (PAV) require warfarin for prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications. International normalized ratio (INR) is utilized to monitor the safety and efficacy of warfarin therapy; an INR goal of 2.5 to 3.5 is generally recommended. AIM: This case report discusses the challenges faced in managing a patient with acute hepatitis B and syphilis coinfection on warfarin therapy. CASE: A 62-year-old man with hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease presented with malaise, fatigue, anorexia, persisting for the last month. He had undergone PAV replacement four months ago and was on warfarin therapy since then. During the operation, eight units of erythrocyte suspension was administered.His laboratory results; alanin aminotransferase (ALT):1394 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST):1164 U/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP):242 U/L, total bilirubin:3.5 mg/dL. His Anti-HBc IgM, HBsAg, Anti-HBe were positive; HBeAg, Anti-HBs were negative. Due to an INR of 3.54, tenofovir disoproxil therapy was initiated to prevent fulminant liver failure. However, his INR increased to 9.38, necessiteting the discontinuation of warfarin and the initiation of vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma. When we observed a biphasic pattern in ALT levels, hepatitis delta antibody, RPR, TPHA were tested. Hepatitis delta antibody was negative, RPR was ½ positive, TPHA was 1/640 positive, although he had no signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis. Penicillin G benzathine 2.4 million units IM was administered once. CONCLUSION: When we observe a biphasic pattern of ALT levels during an acute hepatitis B infection, both hepatitis delta and syphilis should be thought in the differential diagnosis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524004260coinfectionacute hepatitis Bsyphilis
spellingShingle Habibe Tulin Elmaslar Mert
Merve Aytekin
Ertugrul Topcu
Zerrin Yulugkural
Figen Kuloglu
Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
coinfection
acute hepatitis B
syphilis
title Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
title_full Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
title_fullStr Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
title_full_unstemmed Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
title_short Acute Hepatitis B and Syphilis Coinfection in an Immunocompetent Patient with a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
title_sort acute hepatitis b and syphilis coinfection in an immunocompetent patient with a prosthetic aortic valve
topic coinfection
acute hepatitis B
syphilis
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213716524004260
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