Inclusive Internal Financing, Selective Internal Financing, or Hybrid Financing? A Competitive Low-Carbon Supply Chain Operational and Financing Strategies

Inclusive Internal Financing, Selective Internal Financing, or Hybrid Financing? A Competitive Low-Carbon Supply Chain Operational and Financing Strategies

Amidst escalating concerns about climate change, manufacturers are increasingly pressured to adopt a low-carbon supply chain (LCSC). Financial constraints deter numerous companies from embracing low-carbon initiatives in a competitive landscape. Inclusive internal financing (IIF) provides operationa...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaoli Zhang, Lin Zhang, Caiquan Duan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Systems
Subjects:
low-carbon supply chain
competitive retailers
financial constraint
inclusive internal financing
selective internal financing
hybrid financing
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/7/531
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