Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System
Physical properties of the Sun (orientation of rotation axis, oblateness coefficient <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>J</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>⊙</...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Dmitry Pavlov Ivan Dolgakov |
| author_facet | Dmitry Pavlov Ivan Dolgakov |
| author_sort | Dmitry Pavlov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Physical properties of the Sun (orientation of rotation axis, oblateness coefficient <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>J</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and change rate of the gravitational parameter <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mover accent="true"><mi>μ</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mo>⊙</mo></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) are determined using a dynamical model describing the motion of the Sun, planets, the Moon, asteroids, and Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Among the many kinds of observations used to determine the orbits and physical properties of the bodies, the most important for our study are precise interplanetary ranging data: Earth–Mercury ranges from MESSENGER spacecraft and Earth–Mars ranges from Odyssey and MRO. The findings allow us to improve the model of the Sun in modern planetary ephemerides. First, the dynamically determined direction of the Sun’s pole is ≈2° off the visible axis of rotation of the Sun’s surface, which is corroborated by present knowledge of the Sun’s interior. Second, the change rate of the Sun’s gravitational parameter is found to be smaller (in absolute value) than the nominal value derived from the estimate of mass loss through radiation and solar wind. Possible interpretations are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e3137555e2624a2396f155f33eff1d1e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2218-1997 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Universe |
| spelling | doaj-art-e3137555e2624a2396f155f33eff1d1e2025-08-20T02:27:40ZengMDPI AGUniverse2218-19972024-11-01101141310.3390/universe10110413Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar SystemDmitry Pavlov0Ivan Dolgakov1Faculty of Computer Science and Technology, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, ul. Professora Popova 5, 197022 St. Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Applied Astronomy RAS, Kutuzov Quay 10, 191187 St. Petersburg, RussiaPhysical properties of the Sun (orientation of rotation axis, oblateness coefficient <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>J</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and change rate of the gravitational parameter <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mover accent="true"><mi>μ</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mo>⊙</mo></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>) are determined using a dynamical model describing the motion of the Sun, planets, the Moon, asteroids, and Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Among the many kinds of observations used to determine the orbits and physical properties of the bodies, the most important for our study are precise interplanetary ranging data: Earth–Mercury ranges from MESSENGER spacecraft and Earth–Mars ranges from Odyssey and MRO. The findings allow us to improve the model of the Sun in modern planetary ephemerides. First, the dynamically determined direction of the Sun’s pole is ≈2° off the visible axis of rotation of the Sun’s surface, which is corroborated by present knowledge of the Sun’s interior. Second, the change rate of the Sun’s gravitational parameter is found to be smaller (in absolute value) than the nominal value derived from the estimate of mass loss through radiation and solar wind. Possible interpretations are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/10/11/413sunradio astronomygravitational constantplanetary ephemerides |
| spellingShingle | Dmitry Pavlov Ivan Dolgakov Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System Universe sun radio astronomy gravitational constant planetary ephemerides |
| title | Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System |
| title_full | Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System |
| title_fullStr | Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System |
| title_short | Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System |
| title_sort | studying the properties of spacetime with an improved dynamical model of the inner solar system |
| topic | sun radio astronomy gravitational constant planetary ephemerides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/10/11/413 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dmitrypavlov studyingthepropertiesofspacetimewithanimproveddynamicalmodeloftheinnersolarsystem AT ivandolgakov studyingthepropertiesofspacetimewithanimproveddynamicalmodeloftheinnersolarsystem |