The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia

Background: the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the primary factor contributing to the decline in deaths from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses. However, the emergence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) compromises the effects of ART in treatment-naïve...

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Main Authors: Ni Luh Ayu Megasari, Devi Oktafiani, Elsa Fitriana, Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa, Tomohiro Kotaki, Shuhei Ueda, Nasronudin Nasronudin, Soetjipto Soetjipto, Masanori Kameoka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Interna Publishing 2019-11-01
Series:Acta Medica Indonesiana
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Online Access:https://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1149
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author Ni Luh Ayu Megasari
Devi Oktafiani
Elsa Fitriana
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa
Tomohiro Kotaki
Shuhei Ueda
Nasronudin Nasronudin
Soetjipto Soetjipto
Masanori Kameoka
author_facet Ni Luh Ayu Megasari
Devi Oktafiani
Elsa Fitriana
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa
Tomohiro Kotaki
Shuhei Ueda
Nasronudin Nasronudin
Soetjipto Soetjipto
Masanori Kameoka
author_sort Ni Luh Ayu Megasari
collection DOAJ
description Background: the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the primary factor contributing to the decline in deaths from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses. However, the emergence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) compromises the effects of ART in treatment-naïve individuals, which may hinder treatment success. The present study aimed to identify the presence of TDR among treatment-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali, which is currently ranked sixth among Indonesian provinces with the highest cumulative human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection cases. Methods: thirty-nine ART-naive individuals in Buleleng Regency General Hospital were enrolled in the present study. Blood samples from participants were subjected to a genotypic analysis. Results: 28 protease (PR) and 30 reverse transcriptase (RT) genes were successfully amplified and sequenced from 37 samples. HIV-1 subtyping revealed CRF01_AE as the dominant circulating recombinant form in the region. No TDR for PR inhibitors was detected; however, TDR for RT inhibitors was identified in five out of 30 samples (16.7%). Conclusion: these results indicate the emergence of TDR among ART-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali. This issue warrants serious consideration because TDR may hamper treatment success and reduce ART efficacy among newly diagnosed individuals. Continuous surveillance with a larger sample size is necessary to monitor TDR among ART-naive individuals.
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spelling doaj-art-e2efff7188d24d5f9c7d2fd6eaf0fac72025-08-20T03:26:03ZengInterna PublishingActa Medica Indonesiana0125-93262338-27322019-11-01513The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, IndonesiaNi Luh Ayu Megasari0Devi Oktafiani1Elsa Fitriana2Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa3Tomohiro Kotaki4Shuhei Ueda5Nasronudin Nasronudin6Soetjipto Soetjipto7Masanori Kameoka8Universitas AirlanggaUniversitas AirlanggaUniversitas AirlanggaUniversitas AirlanggaKobe University Graduate School of Health SciencesKobe University Graduate School of Health SciencesUniversitas Airlanggasoetjiptojtbr@sby.centrin.net.idDepartment of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hyogo, Japan Center for Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.Background: the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the primary factor contributing to the decline in deaths from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses. However, the emergence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) compromises the effects of ART in treatment-naïve individuals, which may hinder treatment success. The present study aimed to identify the presence of TDR among treatment-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali, which is currently ranked sixth among Indonesian provinces with the highest cumulative human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection cases. Methods: thirty-nine ART-naive individuals in Buleleng Regency General Hospital were enrolled in the present study. Blood samples from participants were subjected to a genotypic analysis. Results: 28 protease (PR) and 30 reverse transcriptase (RT) genes were successfully amplified and sequenced from 37 samples. HIV-1 subtyping revealed CRF01_AE as the dominant circulating recombinant form in the region. No TDR for PR inhibitors was detected; however, TDR for RT inhibitors was identified in five out of 30 samples (16.7%). Conclusion: these results indicate the emergence of TDR among ART-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali. This issue warrants serious consideration because TDR may hamper treatment success and reduce ART efficacy among newly diagnosed individuals. Continuous surveillance with a larger sample size is necessary to monitor TDR among ART-naive individuals.https://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1149HIV-1CRF01_AEBaliantiretroviral therapy (ART)transmitted drug resistance (TDR)
spellingShingle Ni Luh Ayu Megasari
Devi Oktafiani
Elsa Fitriana
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa
Tomohiro Kotaki
Shuhei Ueda
Nasronudin Nasronudin
Soetjipto Soetjipto
Masanori Kameoka
The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
Acta Medica Indonesiana
HIV-1
CRF01_AE
Bali
antiretroviral therapy (ART)
transmitted drug resistance (TDR)
title The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
title_full The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
title_fullStr The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
title_short The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia
title_sort emergence of hiv 1 transmitted drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral therapy naive individuals in buleleng bali indonesia
topic HIV-1
CRF01_AE
Bali
antiretroviral therapy (ART)
transmitted drug resistance (TDR)
url https://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1149
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