HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i>
A comprehensive metabolic profiling of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> (L.) G. Don was performed using tandem mass spectrometry, along with an evaluation of the biological activities of its various solvent extracts. Among these, the methanolic leaf extract exhibited mild radical scavenging ac...
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2025-08-01
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| author | Soniya Joshi Chen Huo Rabin Budhathoki Anita Gurung Salyan Bhattarai Khaga Raj Sharma Ki Hyun Kim Niranjan Parajuli |
| author_facet | Soniya Joshi Chen Huo Rabin Budhathoki Anita Gurung Salyan Bhattarai Khaga Raj Sharma Ki Hyun Kim Niranjan Parajuli |
| author_sort | Soniya Joshi |
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| description | A comprehensive metabolic profiling of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> (L.) G. Don was performed using tandem mass spectrometry, along with an evaluation of the biological activities of its various solvent extracts. Among these, the methanolic leaf extract exhibited mild radical scavenging activity, low to moderate antimicrobial activity, and limited cytotoxicity in both the brine shrimp lethality assay and MTT assay against HeLa and A549 cell lines. High-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS) analysis led to the annotation of 34 metabolites, primarily alkaloids. These included 23 indole alkaloids, two fatty acids, two pentacyclic triterpenoids, one amino acid, four porphyrin derivatives, one glyceride, and one chlorin derivative. Notably, two metabolites—2,3-dihydroxypropyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate and (10<i>S</i>)-hydroxypheophorbide A—were identified for the first time in <i>C. roseus</i>. Furthermore, Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) analysis revealed 18 additional metabolites, including epoxypheophorbide A, 11,12-dehydroursolic acid lactone, and 20-isocatharanthine. These findings highlight the diverse secondary metabolite profile of <i>C. roseus</i> and support its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for therapeutic development. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e2e620828c3347b4928d41f4349977ec2025-08-20T03:02:56ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-08-011415239510.3390/plants14152395HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i>Soniya Joshi0Chen Huo1Rabin Budhathoki2Anita Gurung3Salyan Bhattarai4Khaga Raj Sharma5Ki Hyun Kim6Niranjan Parajuli7Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, NepalSchool of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of KoreaCentral Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, NepalCentral Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, NepalParaza Pharma, Inc., 2525 Marie-Curie Avenue, Montreal, QC H4S 2E, CanadaCentral Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, NepalSchool of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of KoreaCentral Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, NepalA comprehensive metabolic profiling of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> (L.) G. Don was performed using tandem mass spectrometry, along with an evaluation of the biological activities of its various solvent extracts. Among these, the methanolic leaf extract exhibited mild radical scavenging activity, low to moderate antimicrobial activity, and limited cytotoxicity in both the brine shrimp lethality assay and MTT assay against HeLa and A549 cell lines. High-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS) analysis led to the annotation of 34 metabolites, primarily alkaloids. These included 23 indole alkaloids, two fatty acids, two pentacyclic triterpenoids, one amino acid, four porphyrin derivatives, one glyceride, and one chlorin derivative. Notably, two metabolites—2,3-dihydroxypropyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate and (10<i>S</i>)-hydroxypheophorbide A—were identified for the first time in <i>C. roseus</i>. Furthermore, Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) analysis revealed 18 additional metabolites, including epoxypheophorbide A, 11,12-dehydroursolic acid lactone, and 20-isocatharanthine. These findings highlight the diverse secondary metabolite profile of <i>C. roseus</i> and support its potential as a source of bioactive compounds for therapeutic development.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/15/2395<i>Catharanthus roseus</i>radical scavenging activityantimicrobial assayGNPSsecondary metabolites |
| spellingShingle | Soniya Joshi Chen Huo Rabin Budhathoki Anita Gurung Salyan Bhattarai Khaga Raj Sharma Ki Hyun Kim Niranjan Parajuli HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> Plants <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> radical scavenging activity antimicrobial assay GNPS secondary metabolites |
| title | HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> |
| title_full | HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> |
| title_fullStr | HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> |
| title_short | HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivity Assessment of <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> |
| title_sort | hplc esi hrms ms based metabolite profiling and bioactivity assessment of i catharanthus roseus i |
| topic | <i>Catharanthus roseus</i> radical scavenging activity antimicrobial assay GNPS secondary metabolites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/15/2395 |
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