When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India

The rapid growth and expansion of cities in the global South has altered the values, perceptions, actor groups and thus dominant institutional and governance structures influencing management and access of local common pool resources. In this paper, we explore how urban transformation and changes in...

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Main Authors: Arvind Lakshmisha, Harini Nagendra
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Utrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services) 2025-02-01
Series:International Journal of the Commons
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Online Access:https://account.thecommonsjournal.org/index.php/up-j-ijc/article/view/1369
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author Arvind Lakshmisha
Harini Nagendra
author_facet Arvind Lakshmisha
Harini Nagendra
author_sort Arvind Lakshmisha
collection DOAJ
description The rapid growth and expansion of cities in the global South has altered the values, perceptions, actor groups and thus dominant institutional and governance structures influencing management and access of local common pool resources. In this paper, we explore how urban transformation and changes in governance have influenced interactions of actors involved in commons (lake) management, with selected cases along an rural-urban gradient in the Greater Bengaluru Metropolitan Region (GBMR). We map the actors, actively and directly involved in lake management, and the interactions between them along an interconnected series of lakes, to identify five broad types of interactions: cooperation, conflict, competition, resistance and passive acceptance. Visualising the network of actors along the gradient, we highlight that the actor networks are fragmented based on municipal boundaries. We find that there is an increase in the non-state actors as we move along the rural-urban gradient highlighting diverse forms of polycentric governance arrangement with urbanisation. We find passive acceptance and resistance as predominant forms of interactions in rural areas and cooperation in urban areas. We find that with an increase in non-state actors there has been a shift from a state of dependence to a state of engagement between communities and the state actors leading to governance beyond the state.
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spelling doaj-art-e2e4ba5ce4754f3993781bab9c2317b72025-08-20T02:55:54ZengUtrecht University Library Open Access Journals (Publishing Services)International Journal of the Commons1875-02812025-02-0119167–8267–8210.5334/ijc.13691249When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, IndiaArvind Lakshmisha0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-7260Harini Nagendra1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1585-0724Azim Premji UniversityAzim Premji UniversityThe rapid growth and expansion of cities in the global South has altered the values, perceptions, actor groups and thus dominant institutional and governance structures influencing management and access of local common pool resources. In this paper, we explore how urban transformation and changes in governance have influenced interactions of actors involved in commons (lake) management, with selected cases along an rural-urban gradient in the Greater Bengaluru Metropolitan Region (GBMR). We map the actors, actively and directly involved in lake management, and the interactions between them along an interconnected series of lakes, to identify five broad types of interactions: cooperation, conflict, competition, resistance and passive acceptance. Visualising the network of actors along the gradient, we highlight that the actor networks are fragmented based on municipal boundaries. We find that there is an increase in the non-state actors as we move along the rural-urban gradient highlighting diverse forms of polycentric governance arrangement with urbanisation. We find passive acceptance and resistance as predominant forms of interactions in rural areas and cooperation in urban areas. We find that with an increase in non-state actors there has been a shift from a state of dependence to a state of engagement between communities and the state actors leading to governance beyond the state.https://account.thecommonsjournal.org/index.php/up-j-ijc/article/view/1369rural-urbanurban transformationcooperationpassive acceptancecommons governance
spellingShingle Arvind Lakshmisha
Harini Nagendra
When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India
International Journal of the Commons
rural-urban
urban transformation
cooperation
passive acceptance
commons governance
title When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India
title_full When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India
title_fullStr When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India
title_full_unstemmed When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India
title_short When Urbanization Leads to Governance Beyond the State: Network of Actors Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bengaluru, India
title_sort when urbanization leads to governance beyond the state network of actors along an urbanization gradient in bengaluru india
topic rural-urban
urban transformation
cooperation
passive acceptance
commons governance
url https://account.thecommonsjournal.org/index.php/up-j-ijc/article/view/1369
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