Bioprotection of the Button Mushroom from Pests and Diseases
Commercial production of the button mushroom, <i>Agaricus bisporus</i> (Lange) Imbach, is threatened by various pests and mycopathogenic microorganisms. Sciarid flies (Sciaridae) of the genus <i>Lycoriella</i> are considered as major pests, while major pathogens include the f...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/6/1323 |
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| Summary: | Commercial production of the button mushroom, <i>Agaricus bisporus</i> (Lange) Imbach, is threatened by various pests and mycopathogenic microorganisms. Sciarid flies (Sciaridae) of the genus <i>Lycoriella</i> are considered as major pests, while major pathogens include the fungi <i>Lecanicillium fungicola</i> (Preuss), Zare and Gams, <i>Hypomyces perniciosus</i> Magnus, <i>Cladobotryum</i> spp., and <i>Trichoderma aggressivum</i> Samuels & W. Gams, the causative agents of dry bubble, wet bubble, cobweb, and green mold diseases, respectively. Control of mushroom pests and diseases has long relied on synthetic chemical pesticides. Pesticide resistance and various health and environmental issues have created a need for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to the use of synthetic chemical pesticides for mushroom pest and disease control. The concept of bioprotection, which involves using biological control agents (BCAs) and biopesticide products, offers a viable alternative. The entomopathogenic nematode <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Filipjev) and predatory mite <i>Stratiolaelaps scimitus</i> (Womersley) are the most important invertebrate BCAs, while the bacteria <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Berliner, <i>B</i>. <i>amyloliquefaciens</i>, and <i>B</i>. <i>velezensis</i> stand out as the most widely used microbial BCAs/biopesticides. Azadirachtin- and pyrethrum-based products are the most important biochemical biopesticides. Bioprotection agents require inclusion in the integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) programs in order to achieve their full effectiveness. |
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| ISSN: | 2073-4395 |