Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation
Metal carbonyl clusters, which can be seen as monodispersed and atomically defined nanoparticles stabilized by CO ligands, were used to prepare Ru-based catalysts with tuned basic properties to conduct the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) aerobic oxidation to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) i...
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2025-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/10/2120 |
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| author | Francesca Liuzzi Francesco Di Renzo Cristiana Cesari Alice Mammi Lorenzo Monti Alessandro Allegri Stefano Zacchini Giuseppe Fornasari Nikolaos Dimitratos Stefania Albonetti |
| author_facet | Francesca Liuzzi Francesco Di Renzo Cristiana Cesari Alice Mammi Lorenzo Monti Alessandro Allegri Stefano Zacchini Giuseppe Fornasari Nikolaos Dimitratos Stefania Albonetti |
| author_sort | Francesca Liuzzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metal carbonyl clusters, which can be seen as monodispersed and atomically defined nanoparticles stabilized by CO ligands, were used to prepare Ru-based catalysts with tuned basic properties to conduct the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) aerobic oxidation to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) in base-free conditions. The controlled decomposition of the carbonyl cluster [HRu<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>11</sub>]<sup>−</sup>, a methodology not yet applied to Ru catalysts for this reaction, on different supports focusing on controlling and tuning the basic properties of support allowed the formation of small Ru nanoparticles with a mean diameter of around 1 nm. The catalytic systems obtained resulted in more activity in the HMF oxidation than those prepared through a more common salt-impregnation technique, and the deposition of Ru nanoparticles on materials with basic functionalities has allowed avoiding the use of basic solutions in the reaction. The characterization by CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD of Mg(Al)O catalysts obtained from decomposition of layered double hydroxide hydrotalcites with different composition and activation has allowed disclosure of an important correlation between the selectivity of FDCA and the fraction of weak basic sites, which is decreased by the calcination treatment at increased temperature. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-e2d1da2b56d14254aa3f51f3dc84977a2025-08-20T02:33:58ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-05-013010212010.3390/molecules30102120Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) OxidationFrancesca Liuzzi0Francesco Di Renzo1Cristiana Cesari2Alice Mammi3Lorenzo Monti4Alessandro Allegri5Stefano Zacchini6Giuseppe Fornasari7Nikolaos Dimitratos8Stefania Albonetti9Department of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyICGM, Université de Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, FranceDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Industrial Chemistry, C3-Centre for Chemical Catalysis, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40129 Bologna, ItalyMetal carbonyl clusters, which can be seen as monodispersed and atomically defined nanoparticles stabilized by CO ligands, were used to prepare Ru-based catalysts with tuned basic properties to conduct the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) aerobic oxidation to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) in base-free conditions. The controlled decomposition of the carbonyl cluster [HRu<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>11</sub>]<sup>−</sup>, a methodology not yet applied to Ru catalysts for this reaction, on different supports focusing on controlling and tuning the basic properties of support allowed the formation of small Ru nanoparticles with a mean diameter of around 1 nm. The catalytic systems obtained resulted in more activity in the HMF oxidation than those prepared through a more common salt-impregnation technique, and the deposition of Ru nanoparticles on materials with basic functionalities has allowed avoiding the use of basic solutions in the reaction. The characterization by CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD of Mg(Al)O catalysts obtained from decomposition of layered double hydroxide hydrotalcites with different composition and activation has allowed disclosure of an important correlation between the selectivity of FDCA and the fraction of weak basic sites, which is decreased by the calcination treatment at increased temperature.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/10/2120biomass valorizationmetal carbonyl clustersheterogeneous catalysisnanoparticles-based catalysts |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Liuzzi Francesco Di Renzo Cristiana Cesari Alice Mammi Lorenzo Monti Alessandro Allegri Stefano Zacchini Giuseppe Fornasari Nikolaos Dimitratos Stefania Albonetti Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation Molecules biomass valorization metal carbonyl clusters heterogeneous catalysis nanoparticles-based catalysts |
| title | Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation |
| title_full | Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation |
| title_fullStr | Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation |
| title_short | Preparation of Ru-Based Systems Through Metal Carbonyl Cluster Decomposition for the Base-Free 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Oxidation |
| title_sort | preparation of ru based systems through metal carbonyl cluster decomposition for the base free 5 hydroxymethylfurfural hmf oxidation |
| topic | biomass valorization metal carbonyl clusters heterogeneous catalysis nanoparticles-based catalysts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/10/2120 |
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