Clinical-oriented 3D visualization and quantitative analysis of gingival thickness using convolutional neural networks and CBCT

ObjectiveTraditional gingival thickness (GT) assessment methods provide only point measurements or simple classifications, lacking spatial distribution information. This study aimed to develop a CBCT-based 3D visualization system for gingival thickness using deep learning, providing a novel spatial...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lan Yang, ZiCheng Zhu, Yongshan Li, Jieying Huang, Xiaoli Wang, Haoran Zheng, Jiang Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Dental Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1635155/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:ObjectiveTraditional gingival thickness (GT) assessment methods provide only point measurements or simple classifications, lacking spatial distribution information. This study aimed to develop a CBCT-based 3D visualization system for gingival thickness using deep learning, providing a novel spatial assessment tool for implant surgery planning.MethodsCBCT and intraoral scanning (IOS) data from 50 patients with tooth loss were collected to establish a standardized dataset. DeepLabV3+ architecture was employed for semantic segmentation of gingival and bone tissues. A 3D visualization algorithm incorporating vertical scanning strategy, triangular mesh construction, and gradient color mapping was innovatively developed to transform 2D slices into continuous 3D surfaces.ResultsThe semantic segmentation model achieved a mIoU of 85.92 ± 0.43%. The 3D visualization system successfully constructed a comprehensive spatial distribution model of gingival thickness, clearly demonstrating GT variations from alveolar ridge to labial aspect through gradient coloration. The 3D model enabled millimeter-precision quantification, supporting multi-angle and multi-level GT assessment that overcame the limitations of traditional 2D measurements.ConclusionThis system represents a methodological advancement from qualitative to spatial quantitative GT assessment. The intuitive 3D visualization serves as an innovative preoperative tool that identifies high-risk areas and guides personalized surgical planning, enhancing predictability for aesthetic and complex implant cases.
ISSN:2673-4915