Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith

Lossless image compression is vital for missions with limited data transmission bandwidth. Reducing file sizes enables faster transmission and increased scientific gains from transient events. This study compares two wavelet-based image compression algorithms, CCSDS 122.0 and JPEG 2000, used in the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kasper Skog, Tomáš Kohout, Tomáš Kašpárek, Antti Penttilä, Monika Wolfmayr, Jaan Praks
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/5/899
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850222774000287744
author Kasper Skog
Tomáš Kohout
Tomáš Kašpárek
Antti Penttilä
Monika Wolfmayr
Jaan Praks
author_facet Kasper Skog
Tomáš Kohout
Tomáš Kašpárek
Antti Penttilä
Monika Wolfmayr
Jaan Praks
author_sort Kasper Skog
collection DOAJ
description Lossless image compression is vital for missions with limited data transmission bandwidth. Reducing file sizes enables faster transmission and increased scientific gains from transient events. This study compares two wavelet-based image compression algorithms, CCSDS 122.0 and JPEG 2000, used in the European Space Agency Comet Interceptor and Hera missions, respectively, in varying scenarios. The JPEG 2000 implementation is sourced from the JasPer library, whereas a custom implementation was written for CCSDS 122.0. The performance analysis for both algorithms consists of compressing simulated asteroid images in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. In addition, all test images were noise-filtered to study the effect of the amount of noise on both compression ratio and speed. The study finds that JPEG 2000 achieves consistently higher compression ratios and benefits from decreased noise more than CCSDS 122.0. However, CCSDS 122.0 produces comparable results faster than JPEG 2000 and is substantially less computationally complex. On the contrary, JPEG 2000 allows dynamic (entropy-permitting) reduction in the bit depth of internal data structures to 8 bits, halving the memory allocation, while CCSDS 122.0 always works in 16-bit mode. These results contribute valuable knowledge to the behavioral characteristics of both algorithms and provide insight for entities planning on using either algorithm on board planetary missions.
format Article
id doaj-art-e295df1f301a409886681d93a42da77c
institution OA Journals
issn 2072-4292
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-e295df1f301a409886681d93a42da77c2025-08-20T02:06:13ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-03-0117589910.3390/rs17050899Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted BandwithKasper Skog0Tomáš Kohout1Tomáš Kašpárek2Antti Penttilä3Monika Wolfmayr4Jaan Praks5School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15500, 00076 Aalto, FinlandSchool of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15500, 00076 Aalto, FinlandFaculty of Information Technology, Brno University of Technology, 612 00 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandInstitute of Information Technology, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, 40101 Jyväskylä, FinlandSchool of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15500, 00076 Aalto, FinlandLossless image compression is vital for missions with limited data transmission bandwidth. Reducing file sizes enables faster transmission and increased scientific gains from transient events. This study compares two wavelet-based image compression algorithms, CCSDS 122.0 and JPEG 2000, used in the European Space Agency Comet Interceptor and Hera missions, respectively, in varying scenarios. The JPEG 2000 implementation is sourced from the JasPer library, whereas a custom implementation was written for CCSDS 122.0. The performance analysis for both algorithms consists of compressing simulated asteroid images in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. In addition, all test images were noise-filtered to study the effect of the amount of noise on both compression ratio and speed. The study finds that JPEG 2000 achieves consistently higher compression ratios and benefits from decreased noise more than CCSDS 122.0. However, CCSDS 122.0 produces comparable results faster than JPEG 2000 and is substantially less computationally complex. On the contrary, JPEG 2000 allows dynamic (entropy-permitting) reduction in the bit depth of internal data structures to 8 bits, halving the memory allocation, while CCSDS 122.0 always works in 16-bit mode. These results contribute valuable knowledge to the behavioral characteristics of both algorithms and provide insight for entities planning on using either algorithm on board planetary missions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/5/899image compressionCCSDS 122.0JPEG 2000hyperspectralnoise filteringDidymos
spellingShingle Kasper Skog
Tomáš Kohout
Tomáš Kašpárek
Antti Penttilä
Monika Wolfmayr
Jaan Praks
Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith
Remote Sensing
image compression
CCSDS 122.0
JPEG 2000
hyperspectral
noise filtering
Didymos
title Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith
title_full Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith
title_fullStr Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith
title_full_unstemmed Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith
title_short Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith
title_sort lossless hyperspectral image compression in comet interceptor and hera missions with restricted bandwith
topic image compression
CCSDS 122.0
JPEG 2000
hyperspectral
noise filtering
Didymos
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/5/899
work_keys_str_mv AT kasperskog losslesshyperspectralimagecompressionincometinterceptorandheramissionswithrestrictedbandwith
AT tomaskohout losslesshyperspectralimagecompressionincometinterceptorandheramissionswithrestrictedbandwith
AT tomaskasparek losslesshyperspectralimagecompressionincometinterceptorandheramissionswithrestrictedbandwith
AT anttipenttila losslesshyperspectralimagecompressionincometinterceptorandheramissionswithrestrictedbandwith
AT monikawolfmayr losslesshyperspectralimagecompressionincometinterceptorandheramissionswithrestrictedbandwith
AT jaanpraks losslesshyperspectralimagecompressionincometinterceptorandheramissionswithrestrictedbandwith