Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients.
We recently reported increased levels of urinary free-glycans in some cancer patients. Here, we focused on cancer related alterations in the levels of high molecular weight free-glycans. The rationale for this study was that branching, elongation, fucosylation and sialylation, which lead to increase...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0266927&type=printable |
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| author | Ken Hanzawa Miki Tanaka-Okamoto Hiroko Murakami Noriko Suzuki Mikio Mukai Hidenori Takahashi Takeshi Omori Kenji Ikezawa Kazuyoshi Ohkawa Masayuki Ohue Shunji Natsuka Yasuhide Miyamoto |
| author_facet | Ken Hanzawa Miki Tanaka-Okamoto Hiroko Murakami Noriko Suzuki Mikio Mukai Hidenori Takahashi Takeshi Omori Kenji Ikezawa Kazuyoshi Ohkawa Masayuki Ohue Shunji Natsuka Yasuhide Miyamoto |
| author_sort | Ken Hanzawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We recently reported increased levels of urinary free-glycans in some cancer patients. Here, we focused on cancer related alterations in the levels of high molecular weight free-glycans. The rationale for this study was that branching, elongation, fucosylation and sialylation, which lead to increases in the molecular weight of glycans, are known to be up-regulated in cancer. Urine samples from patients with gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer and normal controls were analyzed. The extracted free-glycans were fluorescently labeled with 2-aminopyridine and analyzed by multi-step liquid chromatography. Comparison of the glycan profiles revealed increased levels of glycans in some cancer patients. Structural analysis of the glycans was carried out by performing chromatography and mass spectrometry together with enzymatic or chemical treatments. To compare glycan levels between samples with high sensitivity and selectivity, simultaneous measurements by reversed-phase liquid chromatography-selected ion monitoring of mass spectrometry were also performed. As a result, three lactose-core glycans and 78 free-N-glycans (one phosphorylated oligomannose-type, four sialylated hybrid-type and 73 bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex-type structures) were identified. Among them, glycans with α1,3-fucosylation ((+/- sialyl) Lewis X), triply α2,6-sialylated tri-antennary structures and/or a (Man3)GlcNAc1-core displayed elevated levels in cancer patients. However, simple α2,3-sialylation and α1,6-core-fucosylation did not appear to contribute to the observed increase in the level of glycans. Interestingly, one tri-antennary free-N-glycan that showed remarkable elevation in some cancer patients contained a unique Glcβ1-4GlcNAc-core instead of the common GlcNAc2-core at the reducing end. This study provides further insights into free-glycans as potential tumor markers and their processing pathways in cancer. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e281ff0b3b93489b8be593d648246a58 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-e281ff0b3b93489b8be593d648246a582025-08-20T02:02:12ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-01174e026692710.1371/journal.pone.0266927Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients.Ken HanzawaMiki Tanaka-OkamotoHiroko MurakamiNoriko SuzukiMikio MukaiHidenori TakahashiTakeshi OmoriKenji IkezawaKazuyoshi OhkawaMasayuki OhueShunji NatsukaYasuhide MiyamotoWe recently reported increased levels of urinary free-glycans in some cancer patients. Here, we focused on cancer related alterations in the levels of high molecular weight free-glycans. The rationale for this study was that branching, elongation, fucosylation and sialylation, which lead to increases in the molecular weight of glycans, are known to be up-regulated in cancer. Urine samples from patients with gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer and normal controls were analyzed. The extracted free-glycans were fluorescently labeled with 2-aminopyridine and analyzed by multi-step liquid chromatography. Comparison of the glycan profiles revealed increased levels of glycans in some cancer patients. Structural analysis of the glycans was carried out by performing chromatography and mass spectrometry together with enzymatic or chemical treatments. To compare glycan levels between samples with high sensitivity and selectivity, simultaneous measurements by reversed-phase liquid chromatography-selected ion monitoring of mass spectrometry were also performed. As a result, three lactose-core glycans and 78 free-N-glycans (one phosphorylated oligomannose-type, four sialylated hybrid-type and 73 bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex-type structures) were identified. Among them, glycans with α1,3-fucosylation ((+/- sialyl) Lewis X), triply α2,6-sialylated tri-antennary structures and/or a (Man3)GlcNAc1-core displayed elevated levels in cancer patients. However, simple α2,3-sialylation and α1,6-core-fucosylation did not appear to contribute to the observed increase in the level of glycans. Interestingly, one tri-antennary free-N-glycan that showed remarkable elevation in some cancer patients contained a unique Glcβ1-4GlcNAc-core instead of the common GlcNAc2-core at the reducing end. This study provides further insights into free-glycans as potential tumor markers and their processing pathways in cancer.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0266927&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Ken Hanzawa Miki Tanaka-Okamoto Hiroko Murakami Noriko Suzuki Mikio Mukai Hidenori Takahashi Takeshi Omori Kenji Ikezawa Kazuyoshi Ohkawa Masayuki Ohue Shunji Natsuka Yasuhide Miyamoto Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients. PLoS ONE |
| title | Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients. |
| title_full | Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients. |
| title_fullStr | Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients. |
| title_short | Increased levels of acidic free-N-glycans, including multi-antennary and fucosylated structures, in the urine of cancer patients. |
| title_sort | increased levels of acidic free n glycans including multi antennary and fucosylated structures in the urine of cancer patients |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0266927&type=printable |
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