Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China

The small yellow croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>), a migratory estuarine-demersal fish critical to East Asian fisheries, has faced severe population declines because of anthropogenic pressures (e.g., overfishing and anthropogenic habitat modification) and shifting environmental co...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiangyu Long, Dong Wang, Pengbo Song, Mengwen Han, Rijin Jiang, Yongdong Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Fishes
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/6/298
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850167663389573120
author Xiangyu Long
Dong Wang
Pengbo Song
Mengwen Han
Rijin Jiang
Yongdong Zhou
author_facet Xiangyu Long
Dong Wang
Pengbo Song
Mengwen Han
Rijin Jiang
Yongdong Zhou
author_sort Xiangyu Long
collection DOAJ
description The small yellow croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>), a migratory estuarine-demersal fish critical to East Asian fisheries, has faced severe population declines because of anthropogenic pressures (e.g., overfishing and anthropogenic habitat modification) and shifting environmental conditions. This study investigates its spatio-temporal habitat dynamics in Hangzhou Bay (2017–2023) using fisheries surveys and species distribution models (SDMs), with insights applicable to Pacific Coast migratory fish conservation. We evaluated the performance of eleven modeling algorithms to identify the most accurate model for predicting small yellow croaker distributions. Our results showed that the random forest algorithm outperformed other models, with a high sensitivity (95.238) and specificity (99.49), demonstrating its ability to capture complex non-linear relationships between environmental factors and species distribution. Depth emerged as the most influential factor, accounting for 30% of the importance in the model, with small yellow croakers preferring deeper waters around 60 m. Salinity was the second most important factor, with higher occurrence probabilities in areas where salinity exceeded 25 PSU. Other environmental factors, such as temperature and dissolved oxygen, had relatively smaller impacts on distribution. Spatially, small yellow croakers were predominantly distributed in offshore regions east of 122.5° E, where deeper waters and higher salinity levels provided suitable habitat conditions. This study underscores the need for targeted management measures, such as habitat restoration, to ensure the sustainable management of small-bodied yellow croaker populations.
format Article
id doaj-art-e28145afa2ee49f68b34782ebd417b24
institution OA Journals
issn 2410-3888
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Fishes
spelling doaj-art-e28145afa2ee49f68b34782ebd417b242025-08-20T02:21:09ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882025-06-0110629810.3390/fishes10060298Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, ChinaXiangyu Long0Dong Wang1Pengbo Song2Mengwen Han3Rijin Jiang4Yongdong Zhou5Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources of Zhejiang Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Marine and Fisheries Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316201, ChinaZhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources of Zhejiang Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Marine and Fisheries Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316201, ChinaShandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang 261000, ChinaWeifang Vocational College of Food Science and Technology, Weifang 261000, ChinaZhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources of Zhejiang Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Marine and Fisheries Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316201, ChinaZhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resources of Zhejiang Province, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources for Key Fishing Grounds, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Marine and Fisheries Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316201, ChinaThe small yellow croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>), a migratory estuarine-demersal fish critical to East Asian fisheries, has faced severe population declines because of anthropogenic pressures (e.g., overfishing and anthropogenic habitat modification) and shifting environmental conditions. This study investigates its spatio-temporal habitat dynamics in Hangzhou Bay (2017–2023) using fisheries surveys and species distribution models (SDMs), with insights applicable to Pacific Coast migratory fish conservation. We evaluated the performance of eleven modeling algorithms to identify the most accurate model for predicting small yellow croaker distributions. Our results showed that the random forest algorithm outperformed other models, with a high sensitivity (95.238) and specificity (99.49), demonstrating its ability to capture complex non-linear relationships between environmental factors and species distribution. Depth emerged as the most influential factor, accounting for 30% of the importance in the model, with small yellow croakers preferring deeper waters around 60 m. Salinity was the second most important factor, with higher occurrence probabilities in areas where salinity exceeded 25 PSU. Other environmental factors, such as temperature and dissolved oxygen, had relatively smaller impacts on distribution. Spatially, small yellow croakers were predominantly distributed in offshore regions east of 122.5° E, where deeper waters and higher salinity levels provided suitable habitat conditions. This study underscores the need for targeted management measures, such as habitat restoration, to ensure the sustainable management of small-bodied yellow croaker populations.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/6/298estuarine habitatsenvironmental factorshabitat shiftsspecies distribution models
spellingShingle Xiangyu Long
Dong Wang
Pengbo Song
Mengwen Han
Rijin Jiang
Yongdong Zhou
Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China
Fishes
estuarine habitats
environmental factors
habitat shifts
species distribution models
title Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China
title_full Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China
title_fullStr Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China
title_full_unstemmed Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China
title_short Spatio-Temporal Habitat Dynamics of Migratory Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) in Hangzhou Bay, China
title_sort spatio temporal habitat dynamics of migratory small yellow croaker i larimichthys polyactis i in hangzhou bay china
topic estuarine habitats
environmental factors
habitat shifts
species distribution models
url https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/10/6/298
work_keys_str_mv AT xiangyulong spatiotemporalhabitatdynamicsofmigratorysmallyellowcroakerilarimichthyspolyactisiinhangzhoubaychina
AT dongwang spatiotemporalhabitatdynamicsofmigratorysmallyellowcroakerilarimichthyspolyactisiinhangzhoubaychina
AT pengbosong spatiotemporalhabitatdynamicsofmigratorysmallyellowcroakerilarimichthyspolyactisiinhangzhoubaychina
AT mengwenhan spatiotemporalhabitatdynamicsofmigratorysmallyellowcroakerilarimichthyspolyactisiinhangzhoubaychina
AT rijinjiang spatiotemporalhabitatdynamicsofmigratorysmallyellowcroakerilarimichthyspolyactisiinhangzhoubaychina
AT yongdongzhou spatiotemporalhabitatdynamicsofmigratorysmallyellowcroakerilarimichthyspolyactisiinhangzhoubaychina