Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications

Abstract Lissamine green (LG), a diagnostic dye that stains devitalized or damaged epithelial cells, is widely used to assess ocular surface integrity, enabling the detection of inflammation, epithelial defects, and conjunctival irregularities. To explore the diagnostic and clinical applications of...

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Main Authors: Stefano Barabino, Pasquale Aragona, Stefano Bonini, Emilia Cantera, Antonio Di Zazzo, Giuseppe Giannaccare, Andrea Leonardi, Giancarlo Montani, Alessandro Mularoni, Vincenzo Orfeo, Edoardo Villani, Fabrizio Zeri, Maurizio Rolando
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Adis, Springer Healthcare 2025-06-01
Series:Ophthalmology and Therapy
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-025-01168-1
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author Stefano Barabino
Pasquale Aragona
Stefano Bonini
Emilia Cantera
Antonio Di Zazzo
Giuseppe Giannaccare
Andrea Leonardi
Giancarlo Montani
Alessandro Mularoni
Vincenzo Orfeo
Edoardo Villani
Fabrizio Zeri
Maurizio Rolando
author_facet Stefano Barabino
Pasquale Aragona
Stefano Bonini
Emilia Cantera
Antonio Di Zazzo
Giuseppe Giannaccare
Andrea Leonardi
Giancarlo Montani
Alessandro Mularoni
Vincenzo Orfeo
Edoardo Villani
Fabrizio Zeri
Maurizio Rolando
author_sort Stefano Barabino
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Lissamine green (LG), a diagnostic dye that stains devitalized or damaged epithelial cells, is widely used to assess ocular surface integrity, enabling the detection of inflammation, epithelial defects, and conjunctival irregularities. To explore the diagnostic and clinical applications of LG in ophthalmology, focusing on its use for ocular surface diseases, a group of experts in ophthalmology and optometry participated in an advisory board to share their clinical practice experience with the use of LG. Building on the advisory board contents, this narrative review was based on a combination of expert opinions from the roundtable discussion and a comprehensive review of the current literature. This review highlights the clinical relevance of LG as a diagnostic tool in ocular surface disease and underscores the potential of newer formulations to enhance diagnostic accuracy. In particular, the review highlights the historical development of LG use in ophthalmology and its advantages over other dyes, especially in terms of patient comfort and safety, as well as specific clinical protocols for using LG in assessing dry eye disease severity and inflammatory responses. Additionally, the review examines recent advancements in LG formulations, which enhance their utility in clinical practice, and addresses safety considerations. Potential areas for future research are also discussed, particularly in developing standardized evaluation procedures using artificial intelligence.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2193-8245
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language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
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series Ophthalmology and Therapy
spelling doaj-art-e266b16a4c0447b48044261b080c665e2025-08-20T03:46:03ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareOphthalmology and Therapy2193-82452193-65282025-06-011481649166010.1007/s40123-025-01168-1Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical ApplicationsStefano Barabino0Pasquale Aragona1Stefano Bonini2Emilia Cantera3Antonio Di Zazzo4Giuseppe Giannaccare5Andrea Leonardi6Giancarlo Montani7Alessandro Mularoni8Vincenzo Orfeo9Edoardo Villani10Fabrizio Zeri11Maurizio Rolando12Ocular Surface & Dry Eye Center, ASST Fatebenefratelli SACCO, Milan UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University Hospital of MessinaOphthalmology Campus Bio-Medico UniversityIsraelitic HospitalOphthalmology Campus Bio-Medico UniversityDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of CagliariDepartment of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of PaduaDepartment of Mathematics and Physics, CeRca Lab, University of SalentoOphthalmic Department, San Marino Public HospitalUnità Operativa di Oculistica Clinica MediterraneaDepartment of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of MilanMaterials Science Department and COMiB Research Center, University of Milano BicoccaEuropean Dry Eye SocietyAbstract Lissamine green (LG), a diagnostic dye that stains devitalized or damaged epithelial cells, is widely used to assess ocular surface integrity, enabling the detection of inflammation, epithelial defects, and conjunctival irregularities. To explore the diagnostic and clinical applications of LG in ophthalmology, focusing on its use for ocular surface diseases, a group of experts in ophthalmology and optometry participated in an advisory board to share their clinical practice experience with the use of LG. Building on the advisory board contents, this narrative review was based on a combination of expert opinions from the roundtable discussion and a comprehensive review of the current literature. This review highlights the clinical relevance of LG as a diagnostic tool in ocular surface disease and underscores the potential of newer formulations to enhance diagnostic accuracy. In particular, the review highlights the historical development of LG use in ophthalmology and its advantages over other dyes, especially in terms of patient comfort and safety, as well as specific clinical protocols for using LG in assessing dry eye disease severity and inflammatory responses. Additionally, the review examines recent advancements in LG formulations, which enhance their utility in clinical practice, and addresses safety considerations. Potential areas for future research are also discussed, particularly in developing standardized evaluation procedures using artificial intelligence.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-025-01168-1Lissamine greenOphthalmologyOcular surface stainingTear film assessmentClinical protocolsContact lenses
spellingShingle Stefano Barabino
Pasquale Aragona
Stefano Bonini
Emilia Cantera
Antonio Di Zazzo
Giuseppe Giannaccare
Andrea Leonardi
Giancarlo Montani
Alessandro Mularoni
Vincenzo Orfeo
Edoardo Villani
Fabrizio Zeri
Maurizio Rolando
Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
Ophthalmology and Therapy
Lissamine green
Ophthalmology
Ocular surface staining
Tear film assessment
Clinical protocols
Contact lenses
title Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
title_full Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
title_fullStr Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
title_full_unstemmed Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
title_short Lissamine Green in Ophthalmology: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Clinical Applications
title_sort lissamine green in ophthalmology a comprehensive review of diagnostic and clinical applications
topic Lissamine green
Ophthalmology
Ocular surface staining
Tear film assessment
Clinical protocols
Contact lenses
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-025-01168-1
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