The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health
Introduction and purpose The abuse of performance enhancing substances (PES) is a significant issue in competitive sports, especially bodybuilding. Though the umbrella term PES includes many legal and generally healthy supplements such as creatine, it also means illicit substances such as the hu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Quality in Sport |
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| Online Access: | https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/60297 |
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| author | Hubert Jucha Katarzyna Żak Weronika Jarych Agnieszka Kluz Katarzyna Madyniak Aleksander Małachowski Michał Mazur Katarzyna Michalak Aleksanda Pliszka Krystian Zukierski |
| author_facet | Hubert Jucha Katarzyna Żak Weronika Jarych Agnieszka Kluz Katarzyna Madyniak Aleksander Małachowski Michał Mazur Katarzyna Michalak Aleksanda Pliszka Krystian Zukierski |
| author_sort | Hubert Jucha |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction and purpose
The abuse of performance enhancing substances (PES) is a significant issue in competitive sports, especially bodybuilding. Though the umbrella term PES includes many legal and generally healthy supplements such as creatine, it also means illicit substances such as the human growth hormone (HGH) and androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS). Despite abundant research on the subject of AAS and HGH abuse on general health, how they affect the oral cavity and craniofacial bone structures remains severely understudied. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of AAS and HGH abuse on oral health.
Methods
A review of literature available on PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect (as of March 2025) on the subject of AAS and HGH abuse on oral health.
Results
Both AAS and HGH can have a significant impact on the soft and osseous tissues of the craniofacial complex. The most significant and most often researched effects were acromegaly and periodontitis in case of HGH and AAS respectively. Gingival hyperplasia and increased bone trabeculation have also be observed in AAS abusers. Post-surgical tissue recovery and analgesic metabolism can also be altered by non-therapeutic AAS use.
Conclusion
With more AAS and HGH abusing patients, due to their popularisation on social media, more research on this subject is necessary in order to formulate an appropriate approach to drug abusing patients. AAS and HGH use should be taken into consideration prior to invasive procedures in the oral cavity as well as during periodontal examination.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e25bedd6ac5546a6b405ea0edc2ddc03 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2450-3118 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Quality in Sport |
| spelling | doaj-art-e25bedd6ac5546a6b405ea0edc2ddc032025-08-20T02:31:43ZengNicolaus Copernicus University in ToruńQuality in Sport2450-31182025-05-014110.12775/QS.2025.41.60297The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral healthHubert Jucha0https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0182-627XKatarzyna Żak1https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4036-090XWeronika Jarych2https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1335-8072Agnieszka Kluz3https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7427-5818Katarzyna Madyniak4Aleksander Małachowski5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4924-0000Michał Mazur6https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8157-5293Katarzyna Michalak7https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0856-1536Aleksanda Pliszka8https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5938-5929Krystian Zukierski9https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1428-5744Fundacja Zdrowie, Wilhelma Konrada Roentgena 23, 02-781 Warszawa, PolandSaint Adalbert Hospital in Gdańsk, aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, PolandSzpital Morski im. PCK in Gdynia, Powstania Styczniowego 1, 81-519 Gdynia, PolandWolski Hospital, Marcina Kasprzaka 17, 01-211 Warszawa, PolandMedical University of WarsawSamodzielny Publiczny Zespół Opieki Zdrowotnej w Mińsku Mazowieckim, ul. Szpitalna 37, 05-300 Mińsk Mazowiecki, PolandSaint Adalbert Hospital in Gdansk, aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, PolandSzpital Morski im. PCK in Gdynia, Powstania Styczniowego 1, 81-519 Gdynia, PolandSaint Adalbert Hospital in Gdansk, aleja Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, PolandSzpital Morski im. PCK in Gdynia, Powstania Styczniowego 1, 81-519 Gdynia, Poland Introduction and purpose The abuse of performance enhancing substances (PES) is a significant issue in competitive sports, especially bodybuilding. Though the umbrella term PES includes many legal and generally healthy supplements such as creatine, it also means illicit substances such as the human growth hormone (HGH) and androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS). Despite abundant research on the subject of AAS and HGH abuse on general health, how they affect the oral cavity and craniofacial bone structures remains severely understudied. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of AAS and HGH abuse on oral health. Methods A review of literature available on PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect (as of March 2025) on the subject of AAS and HGH abuse on oral health. Results Both AAS and HGH can have a significant impact on the soft and osseous tissues of the craniofacial complex. The most significant and most often researched effects were acromegaly and periodontitis in case of HGH and AAS respectively. Gingival hyperplasia and increased bone trabeculation have also be observed in AAS abusers. Post-surgical tissue recovery and analgesic metabolism can also be altered by non-therapeutic AAS use. Conclusion With more AAS and HGH abusing patients, due to their popularisation on social media, more research on this subject is necessary in order to formulate an appropriate approach to drug abusing patients. AAS and HGH use should be taken into consideration prior to invasive procedures in the oral cavity as well as during periodontal examination. https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/60297anabolic androgenic steroidshuman growth hormoneAASHGHoral healthdentistry |
| spellingShingle | Hubert Jucha Katarzyna Żak Weronika Jarych Agnieszka Kluz Katarzyna Madyniak Aleksander Małachowski Michał Mazur Katarzyna Michalak Aleksanda Pliszka Krystian Zukierski The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health Quality in Sport anabolic androgenic steroids human growth hormone AAS HGH oral health dentistry |
| title | The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health |
| title_full | The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health |
| title_short | The Effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health |
| title_sort | effect of androgenic anabolic steroid and human growth hormone abuse on oral health |
| topic | anabolic androgenic steroids human growth hormone AAS HGH oral health dentistry |
| url | https://apcz.umk.pl/QS/article/view/60297 |
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