Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America

ABSTRACT Background: Neurological and psychiatric manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported throughout the scientific literature. However, studies on post-COVID cognitive impairment in people with no previous cognitive complaint are scarce. Objective: We aim to investi...

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Main Authors: Lucía Crivelli, Ismael Calandri, Nicolás Corvalán, María Agostina Carello, Greta Keller, Carlos Martínez, Micaela Arruabarrena, Ricardo Allegri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Thieme Revinter Publicações 2021-11-01
Series:Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2021005023203&tlng=en
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author Lucía Crivelli
Ismael Calandri
Nicolás Corvalán
María Agostina Carello
Greta Keller
Carlos Martínez
Micaela Arruabarrena
Ricardo Allegri
author_facet Lucía Crivelli
Ismael Calandri
Nicolás Corvalán
María Agostina Carello
Greta Keller
Carlos Martínez
Micaela Arruabarrena
Ricardo Allegri
author_sort Lucía Crivelli
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Background: Neurological and psychiatric manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported throughout the scientific literature. However, studies on post-COVID cognitive impairment in people with no previous cognitive complaint are scarce. Objective: We aim to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive functions in adults without cognitive complaints before infection and to study cognitive dysfunction according to disease severity and cognitive risk factors. Methods: Forty-five post-COVID-19 patients and forty-five controls underwent extensive neuropsychological evaluation, which assessed cognitive domains such as memory, language, attention, executive functions, and visuospatial skills, including psychiatric symptomatology scales. Data were collected on the severity of infection, premorbid medical conditions, and functionality for activities of daily living before and after COVID-19. Results: Significant differences between groups were found in cognitive composites of memory (p=0.016, Cohen’s d= 0.73), attention (p<0.001, Cohen’s d=1.2), executive functions (p<0.001, Cohen’s d=1.4), and language (p=0.002, Cohen’s d=0.87). The change from premorbid to post-infection functioning was significantly different between severity groups (WHODAS, p=0.037). Self-reported anxiety was associated with the presence of cognitive dysfunction in COVID-19 subjects (p=0.043). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the presence of cognitive symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients may persist for months after disease remission and argue for the inclusion of cognitive assessment as a protocolized stage of the post-COVID examination. Screening measures may not be sufficient to detect cognitive dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients.
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spelling doaj-art-e24cf27f30254c6dba0a4108866168092025-08-20T03:20:58ZengThieme Revinter PublicaçõesArquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria1678-42272021-11-0110.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0320Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South AmericaLucía Crivellihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-9389Ismael Calandrihttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6983-1430Nicolás Corvalánhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-0446María Agostina Carellohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9459-6153Greta Kellerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9774-373XCarlos Martínezhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-5624Micaela Arruabarrenahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6193-1683Ricardo Allegrihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-1234ABSTRACT Background: Neurological and psychiatric manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been reported throughout the scientific literature. However, studies on post-COVID cognitive impairment in people with no previous cognitive complaint are scarce. Objective: We aim to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive functions in adults without cognitive complaints before infection and to study cognitive dysfunction according to disease severity and cognitive risk factors. Methods: Forty-five post-COVID-19 patients and forty-five controls underwent extensive neuropsychological evaluation, which assessed cognitive domains such as memory, language, attention, executive functions, and visuospatial skills, including psychiatric symptomatology scales. Data were collected on the severity of infection, premorbid medical conditions, and functionality for activities of daily living before and after COVID-19. Results: Significant differences between groups were found in cognitive composites of memory (p=0.016, Cohen’s d= 0.73), attention (p<0.001, Cohen’s d=1.2), executive functions (p<0.001, Cohen’s d=1.4), and language (p=0.002, Cohen’s d=0.87). The change from premorbid to post-infection functioning was significantly different between severity groups (WHODAS, p=0.037). Self-reported anxiety was associated with the presence of cognitive dysfunction in COVID-19 subjects (p=0.043). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the presence of cognitive symptoms in post-COVID-19 patients may persist for months after disease remission and argue for the inclusion of cognitive assessment as a protocolized stage of the post-COVID examination. Screening measures may not be sufficient to detect cognitive dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2021005023203&tlng=enCOVID-19NeuropsychologyCognitive DysfunctionExecutive FunctionMemory
spellingShingle Lucía Crivelli
Ismael Calandri
Nicolás Corvalán
María Agostina Carello
Greta Keller
Carlos Martínez
Micaela Arruabarrena
Ricardo Allegri
Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
COVID-19
Neuropsychology
Cognitive Dysfunction
Executive Function
Memory
title Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America
title_full Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America
title_fullStr Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America
title_full_unstemmed Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America
title_short Cognitive consequences of COVID-19: results of a cohort study from South America
title_sort cognitive consequences of covid 19 results of a cohort study from south america
topic COVID-19
Neuropsychology
Cognitive Dysfunction
Executive Function
Memory
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2021005023203&tlng=en
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