Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin

Background/objective: A 26-year-old Taiwanese woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus developed diabetic ketoacidosis after missing a premixed insulin dose. The case is notable for recurrent ketosis and hyperglycemia despite a 6-h overlap during the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous insulin th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hsin-I Chi, Ye-Fong Du
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology Case Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214624525000097
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849467934170152960
author Hsin-I Chi
Ye-Fong Du
author_facet Hsin-I Chi
Ye-Fong Du
author_sort Hsin-I Chi
collection DOAJ
description Background/objective: A 26-year-old Taiwanese woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus developed diabetic ketoacidosis after missing a premixed insulin dose. The case is notable for recurrent ketosis and hyperglycemia despite a 6-h overlap during the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous insulin therapy. The objective of this report is to describe the challenges of transitioning insulin regimens with ultra-long-acting insulin. Case presentation: A 26-year-old woman presented with severe diabetic ketoacidosis, confirmed by laboratory findings of blood glucose at 520 mg/dL, pH 7.14, bicarbonate 8 mmol/L, and serum ketones 5.9 mmol/L. She received intravenous insulin for 48 hours before transitioning to subcutaneous IGlar-300 with a 6-h overlap. Despite initial improvement, ketones rebounded to 4.2 mmol/L with hyperglycemia 7 hours after intravenous insulin discontinuation. Reintroduction of intravenous insulin for 48 hours and subsequent doses of IGlar-300 stabilized her condition, allowing discharge with resolved ketosis and improved glycemic control. Discussion: This case underscores the challenges of transitioning to ultra-long-acting insulin during management of diabetic ketoacidosis. The pharmacokinetics of basal insulin analogs like IGlar-300 may necessitate extended overlap with intravenous insulin to maintain stable glycemic control and prevent rebound ketosis. Conclusion: This case highlights the need for careful management during the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous ultra-long-acting insulin to prevent rebound ketosis. Although not specifically addressed in current guidelines, an extended overlap with intravenous insulin may be required in similar cases. Clinical Relevance: This case underscores the importance of tailored DKA management when using ultra-long-acting insulins, highlighting the need for extended overlap durations to ensure ketone clearance and avoid rebound ketoacidosis.
format Article
id doaj-art-e24cc3f98afa4ddca2921398164e5513
institution Kabale University
issn 2214-6245
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology Case Reports
spelling doaj-art-e24cc3f98afa4ddca2921398164e55132025-08-20T03:25:59ZengElsevierJournal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology Case Reports2214-62452025-06-013610019010.1016/j.jecr.2025.100190Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulinHsin-I Chi0Ye-Fong Du1Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, TaiwanDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No. 138, Shengli Road, North District, Tainan, 70403, Taiwan.Background/objective: A 26-year-old Taiwanese woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus developed diabetic ketoacidosis after missing a premixed insulin dose. The case is notable for recurrent ketosis and hyperglycemia despite a 6-h overlap during the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous insulin therapy. The objective of this report is to describe the challenges of transitioning insulin regimens with ultra-long-acting insulin. Case presentation: A 26-year-old woman presented with severe diabetic ketoacidosis, confirmed by laboratory findings of blood glucose at 520 mg/dL, pH 7.14, bicarbonate 8 mmol/L, and serum ketones 5.9 mmol/L. She received intravenous insulin for 48 hours before transitioning to subcutaneous IGlar-300 with a 6-h overlap. Despite initial improvement, ketones rebounded to 4.2 mmol/L with hyperglycemia 7 hours after intravenous insulin discontinuation. Reintroduction of intravenous insulin for 48 hours and subsequent doses of IGlar-300 stabilized her condition, allowing discharge with resolved ketosis and improved glycemic control. Discussion: This case underscores the challenges of transitioning to ultra-long-acting insulin during management of diabetic ketoacidosis. The pharmacokinetics of basal insulin analogs like IGlar-300 may necessitate extended overlap with intravenous insulin to maintain stable glycemic control and prevent rebound ketosis. Conclusion: This case highlights the need for careful management during the transition from intravenous to subcutaneous ultra-long-acting insulin to prevent rebound ketosis. Although not specifically addressed in current guidelines, an extended overlap with intravenous insulin may be required in similar cases. Clinical Relevance: This case underscores the importance of tailored DKA management when using ultra-long-acting insulins, highlighting the need for extended overlap durations to ensure ketone clearance and avoid rebound ketoacidosis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214624525000097Rebound ketoacidosisUltra-long-acting insulinProlonged overlap
spellingShingle Hsin-I Chi
Ye-Fong Du
Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin
Journal of Clinical and Translational Endocrinology Case Reports
Rebound ketoacidosis
Ultra-long-acting insulin
Prolonged overlap
title Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin
title_full Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin
title_fullStr Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin
title_full_unstemmed Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin
title_short Rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra-long-acting insulin
title_sort rebound ketoacidosis in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis using ultra long acting insulin
topic Rebound ketoacidosis
Ultra-long-acting insulin
Prolonged overlap
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214624525000097
work_keys_str_mv AT hsinichi reboundketoacidosisinapatientwithdiabeticketoacidosisusingultralongactinginsulin
AT yefongdu reboundketoacidosisinapatientwithdiabeticketoacidosisusingultralongactinginsulin