Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience

Background: Data on bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease (BMAD) with respect to computed tomography (CT) scan characteristics (attenuation and washout) and long-term follow-up are limited. This study aims to describe BMAD patients managed in a single centre. Methods: BMAD was defined by the...

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Main Authors: Anuj Ban, Rohit Barnabas, Manjiri Karlekar, Anurag Ranjan Lila, Chethan Yami Channaiah, Saba Samad Memon, Virendra A Patil, Vijaya Sarathi, Gwendolyn Fernandes, Hemangini Thakkar, Sameer Rege, Nalini S Shah, Tushar Bandgar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Bioscientifica 2025-02-01
Series:Endocrine Connections
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Online Access:https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/14/3/EC-24-0664.xml
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author Anuj Ban
Rohit Barnabas
Manjiri Karlekar
Anurag Ranjan Lila
Chethan Yami Channaiah
Saba Samad Memon
Virendra A Patil
Vijaya Sarathi
Gwendolyn Fernandes
Hemangini Thakkar
Sameer Rege
Nalini S Shah
Tushar Bandgar
author_facet Anuj Ban
Rohit Barnabas
Manjiri Karlekar
Anurag Ranjan Lila
Chethan Yami Channaiah
Saba Samad Memon
Virendra A Patil
Vijaya Sarathi
Gwendolyn Fernandes
Hemangini Thakkar
Sameer Rege
Nalini S Shah
Tushar Bandgar
author_sort Anuj Ban
collection DOAJ
description Background: Data on bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease (BMAD) with respect to computed tomography (CT) scan characteristics (attenuation and washout) and long-term follow-up are limited. This study aims to describe BMAD patients managed in a single centre. Methods: BMAD was defined by the presence of bilateral adrenal macronodules (>1 cm) on CT. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, genetic characteristics, management and follow-up of 22 BMAD patients were studied retrospectively. Results: The median age (range) at presentation was 49.5 (23–83) years, predominantly observed in females (16/22). Eighteen (82%) patients were incidentally diagnosed (11 with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and seven non-secretory), three (13.7%) presented with overt Cushing’s syndrome (CS), and one (4.5%) had androgen excess (without CS features). On CT, the dominant nodule’s median (range) size was 2.6(1.6–9.5) cm. 77.8% (14/18) of adrenal nodules were lipid-rich, and 93.3% (14/15) of the nodules exhibited good washout. Genetic analysis was available for eight patients; one had a novel germline ARMC5 variant, and two had MEN-1 gene mutations. Three overt CS and one androgen-secreting patient underwent total bilateral adrenalectomy; histopathology showed macronodular hyperplasia with internodular hypertrophy. Only one (1/8) patient from the MACS group developed a new comorbidity (diabetes mellitus) after a median follow-up of 6.4 (0.5–12.4) years, while none of the non-secretory group patients developed new comorbidities after a median follow-up of 1.4 (0.8–12.2) years. Conclusion: Most BMAD patients presented without overt hormonal excess, and none developed overt CS on follow-up. Detailed CT characteristics of BMAD nodules may help in radiological diagnosis in bilateral adrenal incidentalomas.
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spelling doaj-art-e2328a72e6b84c599fbe53a390d7ff822025-08-20T03:10:47ZengBioscientificaEndocrine Connections2049-36142025-02-0114310.1530/EC-24-06641Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experienceAnuj Ban0Rohit Barnabas1Manjiri Karlekar2Anurag Ranjan Lila3Chethan Yami Channaiah4Saba Samad Memon5Virendra A Patil6Vijaya Sarathi7Gwendolyn Fernandes8Hemangini Thakkar9Sameer Rege10Nalini S Shah11Tushar Bandgar12Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, IndiaDepartment of Pathology, Seth GSMC and KEMH, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Radiology, Seth GSMC and KEMH, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of General Surgery, Seth GSMC and KEMH, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, IndiaBackground: Data on bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease (BMAD) with respect to computed tomography (CT) scan characteristics (attenuation and washout) and long-term follow-up are limited. This study aims to describe BMAD patients managed in a single centre. Methods: BMAD was defined by the presence of bilateral adrenal macronodules (>1 cm) on CT. Clinical, biochemical, radiological, genetic characteristics, management and follow-up of 22 BMAD patients were studied retrospectively. Results: The median age (range) at presentation was 49.5 (23–83) years, predominantly observed in females (16/22). Eighteen (82%) patients were incidentally diagnosed (11 with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and seven non-secretory), three (13.7%) presented with overt Cushing’s syndrome (CS), and one (4.5%) had androgen excess (without CS features). On CT, the dominant nodule’s median (range) size was 2.6(1.6–9.5) cm. 77.8% (14/18) of adrenal nodules were lipid-rich, and 93.3% (14/15) of the nodules exhibited good washout. Genetic analysis was available for eight patients; one had a novel germline ARMC5 variant, and two had MEN-1 gene mutations. Three overt CS and one androgen-secreting patient underwent total bilateral adrenalectomy; histopathology showed macronodular hyperplasia with internodular hypertrophy. Only one (1/8) patient from the MACS group developed a new comorbidity (diabetes mellitus) after a median follow-up of 6.4 (0.5–12.4) years, while none of the non-secretory group patients developed new comorbidities after a median follow-up of 1.4 (0.8–12.2) years. Conclusion: Most BMAD patients presented without overt hormonal excess, and none developed overt CS on follow-up. Detailed CT characteristics of BMAD nodules may help in radiological diagnosis in bilateral adrenal incidentalomas.https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/14/3/EC-24-0664.xmlbmadcushing’s syndromect scanaimahadrenal cushing’spbmah
spellingShingle Anuj Ban
Rohit Barnabas
Manjiri Karlekar
Anurag Ranjan Lila
Chethan Yami Channaiah
Saba Samad Memon
Virendra A Patil
Vijaya Sarathi
Gwendolyn Fernandes
Hemangini Thakkar
Sameer Rege
Nalini S Shah
Tushar Bandgar
Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
Endocrine Connections
bmad
cushing’s syndrome
ct scan
aimah
adrenal cushing’s
pbmah
title Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
title_full Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
title_fullStr Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
title_full_unstemmed Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
title_short Bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease: a single centre experience
title_sort bilateral macronodular adrenocortical disease a single centre experience
topic bmad
cushing’s syndrome
ct scan
aimah
adrenal cushing’s
pbmah
url https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/14/3/EC-24-0664.xml
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