Exploring the causal relationship between hemoglobin and pancreatic cancer and its potential mechanisms through bioinformatics and Mendelian randomization

Abstract Background Abnormal hemoglobin (HGB) levels and the onset of malignant tumors have attracted substantial clinical interest. PAAD, a highly fatal malignancy of the digestive system, warrants further investigation regarding its potential link with HGB levels. To explore the genetic relationsh...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shuai Wang, Shanshan Huang, Xiaohui Ren, Hengheng Zhang, Yuan Tian, Ziqi Luo, Hongbin Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-08-01
Series:Discover Oncology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-03352-y
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