Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections
Rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic microorganisms in blood is critical for diagnosing life-threatening conditions such as bloodstream infections (BSIs). Current methods for the detection and identification of bacteria from large volumes of blood (5 mL) involve culture steps followed by DNA e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | SLAS Technology |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2472630325000342 |
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| author | Jongwon Lim Katherine Koprowski Matthew Wester Enrique Valera Rashid Bashir |
| author_facet | Jongwon Lim Katherine Koprowski Matthew Wester Enrique Valera Rashid Bashir |
| author_sort | Jongwon Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic microorganisms in blood is critical for diagnosing life-threatening conditions such as bloodstream infections (BSIs). Current methods for the detection and identification of bacteria from large volumes of blood (5 mL) involve culture steps followed by DNA extraction/purification/concentration and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based nucleic acid amplification. DNA extraction and amplification directly from blood samples is hampered by the complexity of the blood matrix, resulting in time-consuming and labor-intensive processes. This review delves into recent advancements in molecular diagnostics based on blood drying, coined as ‘biphasic reaction’, and highlights this new technique that attempts to overcome the limitations of traditional sample preparation and amplification processes. The biphasic blood drying method, in combination with isothermal amplification methods such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), has recently been shown to improve the sensitivity of detection of bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens from ∼1 mL of whole blood, while minimizing DNA loss and avoiding the use of extraction/purification/concentration kits. Furthermore, the biphasic approach in combination with LAMP has been shown to be a culture-free method capable of detecting bacteria in clinical samples with a sensitivity of ∼1 CFU/mL in ∼2.5 h. This represents a significant reduction in detection and identification time compared to current clinical procedures based on bacterial culture prior to PCR amplification. This review paper aims to be a guide to identify new opportunities for future advancements and applications of the biphasic technology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e1f8b512e387418db1ce2b9b046078d8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2472-6303 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | SLAS Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e1f8b512e387418db1ce2b9b046078d82025-08-20T03:42:15ZengElsevierSLAS Technology2472-63032025-06-013210027610.1016/j.slast.2025.100276Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infectionsJongwon Lim0Katherine Koprowski1Matthew Wester2Enrique Valera3Rashid Bashir4Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Material Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USADepartment of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USADepartment of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USADepartment of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Corresponding authors.Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, IL 60642, USA.; Corresponding authors.Rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic microorganisms in blood is critical for diagnosing life-threatening conditions such as bloodstream infections (BSIs). Current methods for the detection and identification of bacteria from large volumes of blood (5 mL) involve culture steps followed by DNA extraction/purification/concentration and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based nucleic acid amplification. DNA extraction and amplification directly from blood samples is hampered by the complexity of the blood matrix, resulting in time-consuming and labor-intensive processes. This review delves into recent advancements in molecular diagnostics based on blood drying, coined as ‘biphasic reaction’, and highlights this new technique that attempts to overcome the limitations of traditional sample preparation and amplification processes. The biphasic blood drying method, in combination with isothermal amplification methods such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), has recently been shown to improve the sensitivity of detection of bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens from ∼1 mL of whole blood, while minimizing DNA loss and avoiding the use of extraction/purification/concentration kits. Furthermore, the biphasic approach in combination with LAMP has been shown to be a culture-free method capable of detecting bacteria in clinical samples with a sensitivity of ∼1 CFU/mL in ∼2.5 h. This represents a significant reduction in detection and identification time compared to current clinical procedures based on bacterial culture prior to PCR amplification. This review paper aims to be a guide to identify new opportunities for future advancements and applications of the biphasic technology.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2472630325000342 |
| spellingShingle | Jongwon Lim Katherine Koprowski Matthew Wester Enrique Valera Rashid Bashir Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections SLAS Technology |
| title | Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections |
| title_full | Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections |
| title_fullStr | Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections |
| title_short | Review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections |
| title_sort | review on biphasic blood drying method for rapid pathogen detection in bloodstream infections |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2472630325000342 |
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