Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation

Abstract Background Fat metabolism plays an important role in animal health and economic benefits. However, the changes in gene expression and metabolites during fat metabolism have not been systematically studied in bovine. Results This study integrates transcriptomic and metabolomic strategies to...

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Main Authors: Xiaolian Zhang, Fan Li, Lingwei Peng, Wei Huang, Yuqin Du, Liguo Yang, Yang Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Genomics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11650-6
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author Xiaolian Zhang
Fan Li
Lingwei Peng
Wei Huang
Yuqin Du
Liguo Yang
Yang Zhou
author_facet Xiaolian Zhang
Fan Li
Lingwei Peng
Wei Huang
Yuqin Du
Liguo Yang
Yang Zhou
author_sort Xiaolian Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Fat metabolism plays an important role in animal health and economic benefits. However, the changes in gene expression and metabolites during fat metabolism have not been systematically studied in bovine. Results This study integrates transcriptomic and metabolomic strategies to delineate the metabolic and gene expression profiles during the adipogenesis of bovine preadipocytes in four different stages. Totally, we identified 328 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 5257 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during adipogenesis. Functional enrichment of both DEMs and DEGs highlighted the important roles of fatty acid metabolic pathways. By integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic data, we identified key genes potentially regulating fatty acid metabolism, including FADS2, ACOT7 and ACOT2. We further applied comparison for the functional differences between two FADS2 isoforms (FADS2-T0 and FADS2-T2). The results proved that the lipid metabolism regulated by FADS2-2 has changed due to the loss of 46 amino acids with a transmembrane domain, which finally altering its promoting effect on bovine fat deposition. Conclusions In summary, our research provides important resources and key candidate genes for a systematic understanding of the changes in gene expression and lipid metabolism during the process of fat deposition.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2164
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher BMC
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series BMC Genomics
spelling doaj-art-e1e1caaba1e74a8c8520f52ecb3984a92025-08-20T03:53:08ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-05-0126111310.1186/s12864-025-11650-6Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulationXiaolian Zhang0Fan Li1Lingwei Peng2Wei Huang3Yuqin Du4Liguo Yang5Yang Zhou6Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Fat metabolism plays an important role in animal health and economic benefits. However, the changes in gene expression and metabolites during fat metabolism have not been systematically studied in bovine. Results This study integrates transcriptomic and metabolomic strategies to delineate the metabolic and gene expression profiles during the adipogenesis of bovine preadipocytes in four different stages. Totally, we identified 328 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 5257 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during adipogenesis. Functional enrichment of both DEMs and DEGs highlighted the important roles of fatty acid metabolic pathways. By integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic data, we identified key genes potentially regulating fatty acid metabolism, including FADS2, ACOT7 and ACOT2. We further applied comparison for the functional differences between two FADS2 isoforms (FADS2-T0 and FADS2-T2). The results proved that the lipid metabolism regulated by FADS2-2 has changed due to the loss of 46 amino acids with a transmembrane domain, which finally altering its promoting effect on bovine fat deposition. Conclusions In summary, our research provides important resources and key candidate genes for a systematic understanding of the changes in gene expression and lipid metabolism during the process of fat deposition.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11650-6Bovine adipocytesMetaboliteTranscriptomeFADS2IsoformsUnsaturated fatty acids
spellingShingle Xiaolian Zhang
Fan Li
Lingwei Peng
Wei Huang
Yuqin Du
Liguo Yang
Yang Zhou
Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
BMC Genomics
Bovine adipocytes
Metabolite
Transcriptome
FADS2
Isoforms
Unsaturated fatty acids
title Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
title_full Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
title_fullStr Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
title_full_unstemmed Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
title_short Integrated multi-omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of FADS2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
title_sort integrated multi omics analysis of metabolome and transcriptome profiles during bovine adipocyte differentiation reveals functional divergence of fads2 isoforms in lipid metabolism regulation
topic Bovine adipocytes
Metabolite
Transcriptome
FADS2
Isoforms
Unsaturated fatty acids
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11650-6
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