Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves.
In this study, the hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of low carbon steel containing 21 ppm boron was investigated. After homogenizing the samples at 1250 ℃ for 1-hour, hot compression tests were conducted at temperatures ranging from 850 ℃ to 1150 ℃ and strain rates from 0.01 to...
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Iran University of Science & Technology
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Materials Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://ijmse.iust.ac.ir/article-1-3512-en.pdf |
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| author | Seyed Mohammad Mirghasemi Ehsan Mohammad Sahrifi Gholam Hossein Borhani Mirtaher Seyed Beigi |
| author_facet | Seyed Mohammad Mirghasemi Ehsan Mohammad Sahrifi Gholam Hossein Borhani Mirtaher Seyed Beigi |
| author_sort | Seyed Mohammad Mirghasemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of low carbon steel containing 21 ppm boron was investigated. After homogenizing the samples at 1250 ℃ for 1-hour, hot compression tests were conducted at temperatures ranging from 850 ℃ to 1150 ℃ and strain rates from 0.01 to 10 s⁻¹, resulting in strain-stress flow curves. Following corrections, calculations and modeling were performed based on Arrhenius equations. Among them, the hyperbolic sine relationship provided the most accurate estimate and was selected as the valid model for the applied strain range. According to this model, the deformation activation energy (Q), was determined to be 293.37 KJ/mol. Additionally, critical and peak stress and strain values were obtained for each temperature and strain rate, and power relationships were established to describe their variation with respect to the Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z). Recrystallization fractions were derived by comparing the hypothetical recovery curves with the material flow curves, and the results were successfully modeled using the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (KJMA) equation. The Avrami exponent was measured at approximately 2, indicating that nucleation predominantly occurred at grain boundaries. Microstructural analysis revealed that at higher Z values, recrystallization occurred along with a fraction of elongated grains, while lower Z values resulted in a greater fraction of equiaxed dynamic recrystallization (DRX) grains. The average grain sizes after compression tests at 950 ℃, 1050 ℃, and 1150 ℃ were measured as 21.9 µm, 30.4 µm, and 33.6 µm respectively at a strain rate of 0.1 s⁻¹, and 17.7 µm, 28.7 µm, and 31.3 µm at 1 s⁻¹. The overall microstructure displayed a more uniform grain size distribution with increasing deformation temperature. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e1b73e3862114b6da02f3bdcd5afe0e0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1735-0808 2383-3882 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Iran University of Science & Technology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Materials Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-e1b73e3862114b6da02f3bdcd5afe0e02025-08-20T03:17:27ZengIran University of Science & TechnologyIranian Journal of Materials Science and Engineering1735-08082383-38822024-12-012141129Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves.Seyed Mohammad Mirghasemi0Ehsan Mohammad Sahrifi1Gholam Hossein Borhani2Mirtaher Seyed Beigi3 Malek Ashtar University of Technology Malek Ashtar University of Technology Malek Ashtar University of Technology Malek Ashtar University of Technology In this study, the hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of low carbon steel containing 21 ppm boron was investigated. After homogenizing the samples at 1250 ℃ for 1-hour, hot compression tests were conducted at temperatures ranging from 850 ℃ to 1150 ℃ and strain rates from 0.01 to 10 s⁻¹, resulting in strain-stress flow curves. Following corrections, calculations and modeling were performed based on Arrhenius equations. Among them, the hyperbolic sine relationship provided the most accurate estimate and was selected as the valid model for the applied strain range. According to this model, the deformation activation energy (Q), was determined to be 293.37 KJ/mol. Additionally, critical and peak stress and strain values were obtained for each temperature and strain rate, and power relationships were established to describe their variation with respect to the Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z). Recrystallization fractions were derived by comparing the hypothetical recovery curves with the material flow curves, and the results were successfully modeled using the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (KJMA) equation. The Avrami exponent was measured at approximately 2, indicating that nucleation predominantly occurred at grain boundaries. Microstructural analysis revealed that at higher Z values, recrystallization occurred along with a fraction of elongated grains, while lower Z values resulted in a greater fraction of equiaxed dynamic recrystallization (DRX) grains. The average grain sizes after compression tests at 950 ℃, 1050 ℃, and 1150 ℃ were measured as 21.9 µm, 30.4 µm, and 33.6 µm respectively at a strain rate of 0.1 s⁻¹, and 17.7 µm, 28.7 µm, and 31.3 µm at 1 s⁻¹. The overall microstructure displayed a more uniform grain size distribution with increasing deformation temperature.http://ijmse.iust.ac.ir/article-1-3512-en.pdfdrx modelingarrhenius relationshot compressionlow carbon steel |
| spellingShingle | Seyed Mohammad Mirghasemi Ehsan Mohammad Sahrifi Gholam Hossein Borhani Mirtaher Seyed Beigi Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves. Iranian Journal of Materials Science and Engineering drx modeling arrhenius relations hot compression low carbon steel |
| title | Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves. |
| title_full | Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves. |
| title_fullStr | Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves. |
| title_short | Modeling of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Boron-Bearing Low Carbon Steel Using Hot Compression Flow Curves. |
| title_sort | modeling of hot deformation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of boron bearing low carbon steel using hot compression flow curves |
| topic | drx modeling arrhenius relations hot compression low carbon steel |
| url | http://ijmse.iust.ac.ir/article-1-3512-en.pdf |
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