Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel

UNS S41003 stainless steel is a lean stainless steel with 10.5-11% Cr, low carbon (<0.03%C), and small Ni addition. The composition is such that, depending on the processing route, the microstructure can be ferritic, martensitic, or ferritic-martensitic. Specimens acquired from the steelmaker wer...

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Main Authors: Lívia Ferreira Guedes, André Rocha Pimenta, Geronimo Perez, Rodrigo C. Paes Loureiro, Arthur C. Gonzaga, Sérgio S. M. Tavares
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol) 2025-06-01
Series:Materials Research
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392025000200234&lng=en&tlng=en
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author Lívia Ferreira Guedes
André Rocha Pimenta
Geronimo Perez
Rodrigo C. Paes Loureiro
Arthur C. Gonzaga
Sérgio S. M. Tavares
author_facet Lívia Ferreira Guedes
André Rocha Pimenta
Geronimo Perez
Rodrigo C. Paes Loureiro
Arthur C. Gonzaga
Sérgio S. M. Tavares
author_sort Lívia Ferreira Guedes
collection DOAJ
description UNS S41003 stainless steel is a lean stainless steel with 10.5-11% Cr, low carbon (<0.03%C), and small Ni addition. The composition is such that, depending on the processing route, the microstructure can be ferritic, martensitic, or ferritic-martensitic. Specimens acquired from the steelmaker were produced by hot rolling, with and without batch annealing. Two other sets of specimens were created by heat treating at 1000°C followed by water quenching. The microstructures of the four groups of specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscattered scanning diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties were measured by tensile tests, hardness, and impact toughness. This study demonstrates the optimal combination of mechanical resistance and toughness in hot rolling samples, which presented a fine grain size of martensite with fine carbides and 23.3% of elongated δ-ferrite. The hot rolled samples show a yield strength 6.2% higher than the quenched samples, and 152.1% higher than the annealed ones. The hot rolled steel presents a higher impact toughness, 31.7 J, 16.1% superior to the annealed material. The quenching heat treatments decreased the %δ ferrite and increased the grain size. The material annealed has a microstructure of equiaxial α-ferrite grains and intergranular chromium carbides.
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institution DOAJ
issn 1516-1439
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Associação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol)
record_format Article
series Materials Research
spelling doaj-art-e1b3d823651d4272b7c5cb0a57b81ef02025-08-20T02:39:31ZengAssociação Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associação Brasileira de Cerâmica (ABC); Associação Brasileira de Polímeros (ABPol)Materials Research1516-14392025-06-0128suppl 110.1590/1980-5373-mr-2025-0216Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless SteelLívia Ferreira Guedeshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-6220-7363André Rocha Pimentahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5492-3009Geronimo Perezhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-6479Rodrigo C. Paes Loureirohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-5890Arthur C. Gonzagahttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-8060-3050Sérgio S. M. Tavareshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-8634UNS S41003 stainless steel is a lean stainless steel with 10.5-11% Cr, low carbon (<0.03%C), and small Ni addition. The composition is such that, depending on the processing route, the microstructure can be ferritic, martensitic, or ferritic-martensitic. Specimens acquired from the steelmaker were produced by hot rolling, with and without batch annealing. Two other sets of specimens were created by heat treating at 1000°C followed by water quenching. The microstructures of the four groups of specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscattered scanning diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties were measured by tensile tests, hardness, and impact toughness. This study demonstrates the optimal combination of mechanical resistance and toughness in hot rolling samples, which presented a fine grain size of martensite with fine carbides and 23.3% of elongated δ-ferrite. The hot rolled samples show a yield strength 6.2% higher than the quenched samples, and 152.1% higher than the annealed ones. The hot rolled steel presents a higher impact toughness, 31.7 J, 16.1% superior to the annealed material. The quenching heat treatments decreased the %δ ferrite and increased the grain size. The material annealed has a microstructure of equiaxial α-ferrite grains and intergranular chromium carbides.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392025000200234&lng=en&tlng=enMechanical propertiesmicrostructurestainless steelEBSD
spellingShingle Lívia Ferreira Guedes
André Rocha Pimenta
Geronimo Perez
Rodrigo C. Paes Loureiro
Arthur C. Gonzaga
Sérgio S. M. Tavares
Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel
Materials Research
Mechanical properties
microstructure
stainless steel
EBSD
title Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel
title_full Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel
title_fullStr Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel
title_short Influence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon UNS S41003 Stainless Steel
title_sort influence of microstructure on the mechanical properties of low carbon uns s41003 stainless steel
topic Mechanical properties
microstructure
stainless steel
EBSD
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392025000200234&lng=en&tlng=en
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