Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared by formic acid hydrolysis and TEMPO- (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl-) mediated oxidation. The prepared CNCs were reinforced into biopolymers chitosan (CHI), alginate (ALG), and gelatin (GEL) to obtain “CNC-ALG-GEL” and “CNC-CHI-GEL” hydrogels. The s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Polymer Science |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4865733 |
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| author | Pavan Kumar Dara Mahadevan Raghavankutty Karthik Deekonda Anil Kumar Vemu Visnuvinayagam Sivam Suseela Mathew Anandan Rangasamy Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao Senthilkumar Subramanian |
| author_facet | Pavan Kumar Dara Mahadevan Raghavankutty Karthik Deekonda Anil Kumar Vemu Visnuvinayagam Sivam Suseela Mathew Anandan Rangasamy Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao Senthilkumar Subramanian |
| author_sort | Pavan Kumar Dara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared by formic acid hydrolysis and TEMPO- (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl-) mediated oxidation. The prepared CNCs were reinforced into biopolymers chitosan (CHI), alginate (ALG), and gelatin (GEL) to obtain “CNC-ALG-GEL” and “CNC-CHI-GEL” hydrogels. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized for physicochemical, thermal, and structural characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravity analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Notably, the reinforcement of CNC has not altered the molecular structure of a biopolymer as revealed by FT-IR analysis. The hydrogels reinforced with CNC have shown better thermal stability and miscibility as revealed by thermal gravity analysis. The physicochemical, thermal, and structural characterization revealed the chemical interaction and electrostatic attraction between the CNC and biopolymers. The biocompatibility was investigated by evaluating the viability of the L929 fibroblast cell, which represents good biocompatibility and nontoxic nature. These hydrogels could be implemented in therapeutic biomedical research and regenerative medicinal applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e1b15b8186b041e8a4293fa5e80fd18a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1687-9422 1687-9430 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Polymer Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-e1b15b8186b041e8a4293fa5e80fd18a2025-08-20T03:20:59ZengWileyInternational Journal of Polymer Science1687-94221687-94302021-01-01202110.1155/2021/48657334865733Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical ApplicationsPavan Kumar Dara0Mahadevan Raghavankutty1Karthik Deekonda2Anil Kumar Vemu3Visnuvinayagam Sivam4Suseela Mathew5Anandan Rangasamy6Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao7Senthilkumar Subramanian8Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, 682029 Kerala, IndiaBiochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, 682029 Kerala, IndiaChimertech Innovations LLP, Veterinary Incubation Foundation @ TANUVAS, CUL Building, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, 600 051 Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Ongole, 523001 Andhra Pradesh, IndiaMicrobiology and Biotechnology, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, 682029 Kerala, IndiaBiochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, 682029 Kerala, IndiaBiochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, 682029 Kerala, IndiaBiochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, 682029 Kerala, IndiaCollege of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, EthiopiaCellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared by formic acid hydrolysis and TEMPO- (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl-) mediated oxidation. The prepared CNCs were reinforced into biopolymers chitosan (CHI), alginate (ALG), and gelatin (GEL) to obtain “CNC-ALG-GEL” and “CNC-CHI-GEL” hydrogels. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized for physicochemical, thermal, and structural characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravity analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Notably, the reinforcement of CNC has not altered the molecular structure of a biopolymer as revealed by FT-IR analysis. The hydrogels reinforced with CNC have shown better thermal stability and miscibility as revealed by thermal gravity analysis. The physicochemical, thermal, and structural characterization revealed the chemical interaction and electrostatic attraction between the CNC and biopolymers. The biocompatibility was investigated by evaluating the viability of the L929 fibroblast cell, which represents good biocompatibility and nontoxic nature. These hydrogels could be implemented in therapeutic biomedical research and regenerative medicinal applications.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4865733 |
| spellingShingle | Pavan Kumar Dara Mahadevan Raghavankutty Karthik Deekonda Anil Kumar Vemu Visnuvinayagam Sivam Suseela Mathew Anandan Rangasamy Ravishankar Chandragiri Nagarajarao Senthilkumar Subramanian Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications International Journal of Polymer Science |
| title | Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications |
| title_full | Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications |
| title_short | Synthesis of Biomaterial-Based Hydrogels Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications |
| title_sort | synthesis of biomaterial based hydrogels reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals for biomedical applications |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4865733 |
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