A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning

Accurate wind power forecasting is crucial for optimizing grid scheduling and improving wind power utilization. However, real-world wind power time series exhibit dynamic statistical properties, such as changing mean and variance over time, which make it difficult for models to apply observed patter...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yan Chen, Miaolin Yu, Haochong Wei, Huanxing Qi, Yiming Qin, Xiaochun Hu, Rongxing Jiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/3/580
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850199371559206912
author Yan Chen
Miaolin Yu
Haochong Wei
Huanxing Qi
Yiming Qin
Xiaochun Hu
Rongxing Jiang
author_facet Yan Chen
Miaolin Yu
Haochong Wei
Huanxing Qi
Yiming Qin
Xiaochun Hu
Rongxing Jiang
author_sort Yan Chen
collection DOAJ
description Accurate wind power forecasting is crucial for optimizing grid scheduling and improving wind power utilization. However, real-world wind power time series exhibit dynamic statistical properties, such as changing mean and variance over time, which make it difficult for models to apply observed patterns from the past to the future. Additionally, the execution speed and high computational resource demands of complex prediction models make them difficult to deploy on edge computing nodes such as wind farms. To address these issues, this paper explores the potential of linear models for wind power forecasting and constructs NFLM, a linear, lightweight, short-term wind power forecasting model that is more adapted to the characteristics of wind power data. The model captures both short-term and long-term sequence variations through continuous and interval sampling. To mitigate the interference of dynamic features, we propose a normalization feature learning block (NFLBlock) as the core component of NFLM for processing sequences. This module normalizes input data and uses a stacked multilayer perceptron to extract cross-temporal and cross-dimensional dependencies. Experiments with data from two real wind farms in Guangxi, China, showed that compared with other advanced wind power forecasting methods, the MSE of NFLM in the 24-step ahead forecasting of the two wind farms is respectively reduced by 23.88% and 21.03%, and the floating-point operations (FLOPs) and parameter count only require 36.366 M and 0.59 M, respectively. The results show that NFLM can achieve good prediction accuracy with fewer computing resources.
format Article
id doaj-art-e1af174101ed4c5aae9fa53af0b57b07
institution OA Journals
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-e1af174101ed4c5aae9fa53af0b57b072025-08-20T02:12:38ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-01-0118358010.3390/en18030580A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature LearningYan Chen0Miaolin Yu1Haochong Wei2Huanxing Qi3Yiming Qin4Xiaochun Hu5Rongxing Jiang6School of Business, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaDispatching Control Center of Guangxi Power Grid, Nanning 530004, ChinaDispatching Control Center of Guangxi Power Grid, Nanning 530004, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Big Data in Finance and Economics, Nanning 530004, ChinaSchool of Computer, Electronics and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, ChinaAccurate wind power forecasting is crucial for optimizing grid scheduling and improving wind power utilization. However, real-world wind power time series exhibit dynamic statistical properties, such as changing mean and variance over time, which make it difficult for models to apply observed patterns from the past to the future. Additionally, the execution speed and high computational resource demands of complex prediction models make them difficult to deploy on edge computing nodes such as wind farms. To address these issues, this paper explores the potential of linear models for wind power forecasting and constructs NFLM, a linear, lightweight, short-term wind power forecasting model that is more adapted to the characteristics of wind power data. The model captures both short-term and long-term sequence variations through continuous and interval sampling. To mitigate the interference of dynamic features, we propose a normalization feature learning block (NFLBlock) as the core component of NFLM for processing sequences. This module normalizes input data and uses a stacked multilayer perceptron to extract cross-temporal and cross-dimensional dependencies. Experiments with data from two real wind farms in Guangxi, China, showed that compared with other advanced wind power forecasting methods, the MSE of NFLM in the 24-step ahead forecasting of the two wind farms is respectively reduced by 23.88% and 21.03%, and the floating-point operations (FLOPs) and parameter count only require 36.366 M and 0.59 M, respectively. The results show that NFLM can achieve good prediction accuracy with fewer computing resources.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/3/580wind power forecastingdeep learningmulti-layer perceptrondynamic featureslightweight modeling
spellingShingle Yan Chen
Miaolin Yu
Haochong Wei
Huanxing Qi
Yiming Qin
Xiaochun Hu
Rongxing Jiang
A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning
Energies
wind power forecasting
deep learning
multi-layer perceptron
dynamic features
lightweight modeling
title A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning
title_full A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning
title_fullStr A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning
title_full_unstemmed A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning
title_short A Lightweight Framework for Rapid Response to Short-Term Forecasting of Wind Farms Using Dual Scale Modeling and Normalized Feature Learning
title_sort lightweight framework for rapid response to short term forecasting of wind farms using dual scale modeling and normalized feature learning
topic wind power forecasting
deep learning
multi-layer perceptron
dynamic features
lightweight modeling
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/3/580
work_keys_str_mv AT yanchen alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT miaolinyu alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT haochongwei alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT huanxingqi alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT yimingqin alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT xiaochunhu alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT rongxingjiang alightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT yanchen lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT miaolinyu lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT haochongwei lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT huanxingqi lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT yimingqin lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT xiaochunhu lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning
AT rongxingjiang lightweightframeworkforrapidresponsetoshorttermforecastingofwindfarmsusingdualscalemodelingandnormalizedfeaturelearning