Behavioral and biological risk factors of non-communicable diseases: Results of a nationally representative cross-sectional survey in Algeria
Introduction There is a need to strengthen the evidence base for context-specific heterogeneities in factors that may potentiate or reduce adverse outcomes of non-communicable disease (NCDs). The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors for NCDs among adults i...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Population Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.populationmedicine.eu/Behavioral-and-biological-risk-factors-of-non-communicable-diseases-Results-of-a,189491,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
There is a need to strengthen the evidence
base for context-specific heterogeneities in factors that may
potentiate or reduce adverse outcomes of non-communicable
disease (NCDs). The study aimed to estimate the prevalence
of behavioral and biological risk factors for NCDs among
adults in Algeria.
Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of nationally
representative cross-sectional population-based data from
the Algeria STEPS survey 2016–2017 with a sample size
of 6989 adults aged 18–69 years. The STEPS instrument
comprised three levels: the questionnaire, physical and
biochemical measures, which were used to assess the
NCDs’ behavioral and biological risk factors, including
current tobacco use, inadequate fruit and vegetable (FV)
intake, low physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior,
overweight/obese, hypertension, diabetes, and elevated total
cholesterol. Adjusted binary logistic regressions assessed the
associations between sociodemographic and health factors
and specific NCD risk factors. Adjusted Poisson regressions
were used to assess the predictors of multiple NCD risk
factors.
Results
The proportion of the population with inadequate
fruit/vegetable (FV) consumption was 85.2%, followed
by overweight/obese (55.6%), low physical activity (PA)
(36.6%), hypertension (23.6%), current tobacco use (21.8%),
elevated total cholesterol (18.2%), sedentary behavior
(8.9%), diabetes (8.8%), and current alcohol use (2.1%).
In total, 46.9% of participants had three or more of eight
assessed NCD risk factors. Male sex (AOR=109.24; 95% CI:
66.92–178.31) was positively associated, while older age
(45–69 years) (AOR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.51–0.78) and higher
level of education (≥12 years) (AOR=0.49; 95% CI: 0.38–
0.64) were negatively associated with current tobacco use.
Higher level of education (≥12 years) (AOR=0.64; 95% CI:
0.49–0.84) was negatively associated with insufficient FV
intake. Older age (45–69 years) (AOR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.27–
1.84), higher level of education (≥12 years) (AOR=1.94;
95% CI: 1.53–2.46), and urban residence (AOR=1.22; 95%
CI: 1.02–1.47) were positively associated, while male sex
(AOR=0.45; 95% CI: 0.38–0.53) was inversely associated
with low PA. Older age, female sex, urban residence, and
lower level of education were associated with 2–4 biological
NCD risk factors (overweight/obese, hypertension, diabetes,
and/or elevated total cholesterol).
Conclusions
In the current study, almost half of the
participants had three or more risk factors for NCDs. Older
age and urban residence increased the risk for a higher
degree of NCD risk factors. Therefore, there is a need to
develop and strengthen the effectiveness of policies and
programs to mitigate the burden of NCDs and related risk
factors. |
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| ISSN: | 2654-1459 |