A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses

Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread and have a long co-evolutionary history with their hosts, namely sheep and goats. These viruses induce insidious pathologies, causing significant financial losses and animal welfare issues for the affected flocks. In Switzerland, in the 1980s, an er...

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Main Authors: Fadri Vincenz, Maksym Samoilenko, Carlos Eduardo Abril, Patrik Zanolari, Giuseppe Bertoni, Beat Thomann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Pathogens
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/719
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author Fadri Vincenz
Maksym Samoilenko
Carlos Eduardo Abril
Patrik Zanolari
Giuseppe Bertoni
Beat Thomann
author_facet Fadri Vincenz
Maksym Samoilenko
Carlos Eduardo Abril
Patrik Zanolari
Giuseppe Bertoni
Beat Thomann
author_sort Fadri Vincenz
collection DOAJ
description Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread and have a long co-evolutionary history with their hosts, namely sheep and goats. These viruses induce insidious pathologies, causing significant financial losses and animal welfare issues for the affected flocks. In Switzerland, in the 1980s, an eradication campaign was launched targeting these viruses, exclusively in goats, eliminating the virulent SRLV-B strains from the goat population, in which SRLV-B-induced arthritis was prevalent. Nevertheless, although they do not seem to induce clinical diseases, SRLV-A strains continue to circulate in Swiss goats. For this study, we contacted farmers who had animals testing positive for these strains during the census from 2011 to 2012 and visited six of these flocks, conducting serological, virological, and clinical analyses of the animals. We confirmed the absence of SRLV-B; however, we have detected SRLV-A in these flocks. Positive and negative animals lived in close contact for ten years and, except for a small flock of 13 animals, 7 of which tested positive, the transmission of these viruses proved inefficient. None of the positive animals showed any pathology attributable to SRLV infection. These encouraging results allowed us to formulate recommendations for the continued surveillance of these viruses in the Swiss goat population.
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spelling doaj-art-e193fbf4b6504156827b6698c0dcf0fe2025-08-20T03:56:45ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-07-0114771910.3390/pathogens14070719A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant LentivirusesFadri Vincenz0Maksym Samoilenko1Carlos Eduardo Abril2Patrik Zanolari3Giuseppe Bertoni4Beat Thomann5Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3097 Liebefeld, SwitzerlandInstitute of Virology and Immunology IVI, 3147 Bern, SwitzerlandInstitute of Virology and Immunology IVI, 3147 Bern, SwitzerlandClinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, SwitzerlandInstitute of Virology and Immunology IVI, 3147 Bern, SwitzerlandVeterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3097 Liebefeld, SwitzerlandSmall ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) are widespread and have a long co-evolutionary history with their hosts, namely sheep and goats. These viruses induce insidious pathologies, causing significant financial losses and animal welfare issues for the affected flocks. In Switzerland, in the 1980s, an eradication campaign was launched targeting these viruses, exclusively in goats, eliminating the virulent SRLV-B strains from the goat population, in which SRLV-B-induced arthritis was prevalent. Nevertheless, although they do not seem to induce clinical diseases, SRLV-A strains continue to circulate in Swiss goats. For this study, we contacted farmers who had animals testing positive for these strains during the census from 2011 to 2012 and visited six of these flocks, conducting serological, virological, and clinical analyses of the animals. We confirmed the absence of SRLV-B; however, we have detected SRLV-A in these flocks. Positive and negative animals lived in close contact for ten years and, except for a small flock of 13 animals, 7 of which tested positive, the transmission of these viruses proved inefficient. None of the positive animals showed any pathology attributable to SRLV infection. These encouraging results allowed us to formulate recommendations for the continued surveillance of these viruses in the Swiss goat population.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/719small ruminant lentivirusesCAEVMVVVMVeradicationemerging
spellingShingle Fadri Vincenz
Maksym Samoilenko
Carlos Eduardo Abril
Patrik Zanolari
Giuseppe Bertoni
Beat Thomann
A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
Pathogens
small ruminant lentiviruses
CAEV
MVV
VMV
eradication
emerging
title A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
title_full A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
title_fullStr A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
title_full_unstemmed A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
title_short A Look Under the Carpet of a Successful Eradication Campaign Against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses
title_sort look under the carpet of a successful eradication campaign against small ruminant lentiviruses
topic small ruminant lentiviruses
CAEV
MVV
VMV
eradication
emerging
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/719
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