A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective review examines whether there is a difference in all-cause mortality in patients who required surgical intervention for neovascular glaucoma (NVG, N = 186) versus primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, N = 190). Cox proportional hazard models compared mortality across three models: un...

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Main Authors: Laura D. Palmer, Levi D. Kauffman, Gregory B. Russell, Atalie C. Thompson, Gillian G. Treadwell
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Vision
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/9/2/49
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author Laura D. Palmer
Levi D. Kauffman
Gregory B. Russell
Atalie C. Thompson
Gillian G. Treadwell
author_facet Laura D. Palmer
Levi D. Kauffman
Gregory B. Russell
Atalie C. Thompson
Gillian G. Treadwell
author_sort Laura D. Palmer
collection DOAJ
description This retrospective review examines whether there is a difference in all-cause mortality in patients who required surgical intervention for neovascular glaucoma (NVG, N = 186) versus primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, N = 190). Cox proportional hazard models compared mortality across three models: unadjusted, age-adjusted (Model 1), and age-, hypertension-, and diabetes-adjusted (Model 2). In all models, NVG patients who required glaucoma surgery had a higher all-cause mortality rate compared to those with POAG who underwent similar procedures: unadjusted (HR 2.22, (1.59, 3.10), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), Model 1 (HR 2.99, 95% CI (2.12, 4.22), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and Model 2 (HR 1.88, 95% CI (1.27, 2.80), <i>p</i> < 0.0018). In Model 1, those with NVG due to PDR had a higher all-cause mortality rate after glaucoma surgery than those with NVG secondary to CRVO (HR 2.00, 95% CI (1.19, 3.45), <i>p</i> < 0.0095). Patients treated with CPC had higher all-cause mortality rates than those treated with tube shunt in all models: unadjusted (HR 1.82, 95% CI (1.33, 2.47), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), Model 1 (HR 1.91, 95% CI (1.40, 2.61), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and Model 2 (HR 1.50, 95% CI (1.04, 2.16), <i>p</i> < 0.03). We observed a higher all-cause mortality rate among patients with NVG requiring glaucoma surgery compared to those with POAG requiring similar surgeries, which could suggest that NVG patients requiring glaucoma surgery had more compromised systemic health.
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spelling doaj-art-e170c53149644102ac7326cfb62aa4f02025-08-20T02:21:52ZengMDPI AGVision2411-51502025-06-01924910.3390/vision9020049A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort StudyLaura D. Palmer0Levi D. Kauffman1Gregory B. Russell2Atalie C. Thompson3Gillian G. Treadwell4Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USAWake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USADepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USAWake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USAWake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USAThis retrospective review examines whether there is a difference in all-cause mortality in patients who required surgical intervention for neovascular glaucoma (NVG, N = 186) versus primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, N = 190). Cox proportional hazard models compared mortality across three models: unadjusted, age-adjusted (Model 1), and age-, hypertension-, and diabetes-adjusted (Model 2). In all models, NVG patients who required glaucoma surgery had a higher all-cause mortality rate compared to those with POAG who underwent similar procedures: unadjusted (HR 2.22, (1.59, 3.10), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), Model 1 (HR 2.99, 95% CI (2.12, 4.22), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and Model 2 (HR 1.88, 95% CI (1.27, 2.80), <i>p</i> < 0.0018). In Model 1, those with NVG due to PDR had a higher all-cause mortality rate after glaucoma surgery than those with NVG secondary to CRVO (HR 2.00, 95% CI (1.19, 3.45), <i>p</i> < 0.0095). Patients treated with CPC had higher all-cause mortality rates than those treated with tube shunt in all models: unadjusted (HR 1.82, 95% CI (1.33, 2.47), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), Model 1 (HR 1.91, 95% CI (1.40, 2.61), <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and Model 2 (HR 1.50, 95% CI (1.04, 2.16), <i>p</i> < 0.03). We observed a higher all-cause mortality rate among patients with NVG requiring glaucoma surgery compared to those with POAG requiring similar surgeries, which could suggest that NVG patients requiring glaucoma surgery had more compromised systemic health.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/9/2/49neovascular glaucomadiabetic retinopathycentral retinal vein occlusionprimary open-angle glaucomamortality rateglaucoma surgery
spellingShingle Laura D. Palmer
Levi D. Kauffman
Gregory B. Russell
Atalie C. Thompson
Gillian G. Treadwell
A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Vision
neovascular glaucoma
diabetic retinopathy
central retinal vein occlusion
primary open-angle glaucoma
mortality rate
glaucoma surgery
title A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_fullStr A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_full_unstemmed A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_short A Comparison of All-Cause Mortality in Patients Who Required Glaucoma Surgery for Neovascular Glaucoma or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
title_sort comparison of all cause mortality in patients who required glaucoma surgery for neovascular glaucoma or primary open angle glaucoma a retrospective cohort study
topic neovascular glaucoma
diabetic retinopathy
central retinal vein occlusion
primary open-angle glaucoma
mortality rate
glaucoma surgery
url https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5150/9/2/49
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