Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Tropheryma whipplei, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and Francisella tularensis in valve samples from endocarditis patients using the real-time PCR method at a major referral heart hospital in Iran. I...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez, Mohammad Ali Broumand, Neda Baseri, Mina Latifian, Saber Esmaeili
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Society for Microbiology 2025-03-01
Series:Microbiology Spectrum
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01856-24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849705716073365504
author Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez
Mohammad Ali Broumand
Neda Baseri
Mina Latifian
Saber Esmaeili
author_facet Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez
Mohammad Ali Broumand
Neda Baseri
Mina Latifian
Saber Esmaeili
author_sort Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Tropheryma whipplei, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and Francisella tularensis in valve samples from endocarditis patients using the real-time PCR method at a major referral heart hospital in Iran. In this study, 146 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the heart valves of patients with clinical and pathological evidence of infective endocarditis (IE), who underwent heart valve replacement surgery between 2016 and 2020 at Tehran Heart Center were collected. After DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded valve tissue samples, they were surveyed for the presence of T. whipplei, C. psittaci, C. pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and F. tularensis using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used for accurate species identification. Based on the molecular results, T. whipplei, Chlamydia spp., and Legionella spp. were detected in 10 (6.84%), 6 (4.1%), and 3 (2.05%) valve samples, respectively. In addition, one of six positive samples for Chlamydia spp. was identified as C. psittaci. No positive samples for F. tularensis and Brucella were found. In addition, all control valve samples were negative for all investigated pathogens. The findings suggest that specific bacterial species such as T. whipplei, Chlamydia spp., and Legionella spp. are associated with the development of IE. Considering the life-threatening nature of IE, it is critical for healthcare systems to prioritize the identification of its causative agents and develop targeted treatment strategies.IMPORTANCEInfective endocarditis (IE) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, and it is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and complications, making it a major concern in both global and national healthcare systems. Late diagnosis and failure to receive appropriate treatment for patients with culture-negative endocarditis caused by hard-to-grow bacteria can lead to the death of patients. Unfortunately, in Iran, less attention is paid to the role of organisms that are difficult to cultivate in laboratory settings such as Tropheryma whipplei, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and Francisella tularensis in causing culture-negative endocarditis, and these pathogens are overlooked by infectious, cardiologists, and health officials. This study underscores the need for special attention in the diagnosis of the agents of IE.
format Article
id doaj-art-e144a77d481242f0af93194ca610111b
institution DOAJ
issn 2165-0497
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher American Society for Microbiology
record_format Article
series Microbiology Spectrum
spelling doaj-art-e144a77d481242f0af93194ca610111b2025-08-20T03:16:24ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972025-03-0113310.1128/spectrum.01856-24Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in IranMohammad Reza Mohammadi0Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez1Mohammad Ali Broumand2Neda Baseri3Mina Latifian4Saber Esmaeili5Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tehran Heart Center Tehran, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranNational Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, IranNational Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Kabudar Ahang, Hamadan, IranABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Tropheryma whipplei, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and Francisella tularensis in valve samples from endocarditis patients using the real-time PCR method at a major referral heart hospital in Iran. In this study, 146 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the heart valves of patients with clinical and pathological evidence of infective endocarditis (IE), who underwent heart valve replacement surgery between 2016 and 2020 at Tehran Heart Center were collected. After DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded valve tissue samples, they were surveyed for the presence of T. whipplei, C. psittaci, C. pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and F. tularensis using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used for accurate species identification. Based on the molecular results, T. whipplei, Chlamydia spp., and Legionella spp. were detected in 10 (6.84%), 6 (4.1%), and 3 (2.05%) valve samples, respectively. In addition, one of six positive samples for Chlamydia spp. was identified as C. psittaci. No positive samples for F. tularensis and Brucella were found. In addition, all control valve samples were negative for all investigated pathogens. The findings suggest that specific bacterial species such as T. whipplei, Chlamydia spp., and Legionella spp. are associated with the development of IE. Considering the life-threatening nature of IE, it is critical for healthcare systems to prioritize the identification of its causative agents and develop targeted treatment strategies.IMPORTANCEInfective endocarditis (IE) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, and it is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and complications, making it a major concern in both global and national healthcare systems. Late diagnosis and failure to receive appropriate treatment for patients with culture-negative endocarditis caused by hard-to-grow bacteria can lead to the death of patients. Unfortunately, in Iran, less attention is paid to the role of organisms that are difficult to cultivate in laboratory settings such as Tropheryma whipplei, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella, Brucella, and Francisella tularensis in causing culture-negative endocarditis, and these pathogens are overlooked by infectious, cardiologists, and health officials. This study underscores the need for special attention in the diagnosis of the agents of IE.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01856-24endocarditisIranTropheryma whippleiBrucellaLegionellaChlamydia
spellingShingle Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
Ashraf Mohabbati Mobarez
Mohammad Ali Broumand
Neda Baseri
Mina Latifian
Saber Esmaeili
Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran
Microbiology Spectrum
endocarditis
Iran
Tropheryma whipplei
Brucella
Legionella
Chlamydia
title Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran
title_full Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran
title_fullStr Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran
title_full_unstemmed Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran
title_short Molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture-negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in Iran
title_sort molecular diagnosis of infective endocarditis from culture negative valve samples in a tertiary hospital in iran
topic endocarditis
Iran
Tropheryma whipplei
Brucella
Legionella
Chlamydia
url https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01856-24
work_keys_str_mv AT mohammadrezamohammadi moleculardiagnosisofinfectiveendocarditisfromculturenegativevalvesamplesinatertiaryhospitaliniran
AT ashrafmohabbatimobarez moleculardiagnosisofinfectiveendocarditisfromculturenegativevalvesamplesinatertiaryhospitaliniran
AT mohammadalibroumand moleculardiagnosisofinfectiveendocarditisfromculturenegativevalvesamplesinatertiaryhospitaliniran
AT nedabaseri moleculardiagnosisofinfectiveendocarditisfromculturenegativevalvesamplesinatertiaryhospitaliniran
AT minalatifian moleculardiagnosisofinfectiveendocarditisfromculturenegativevalvesamplesinatertiaryhospitaliniran
AT saberesmaeili moleculardiagnosisofinfectiveendocarditisfromculturenegativevalvesamplesinatertiaryhospitaliniran