Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups

Abstract Background Oral food challenges (OFCs) are used to confirm or reject a diagnosis of food allergy. However, younger children may encounter difficulties in consuming all offered doses during an OFC in the absence of symptoms, resulting in inconclusive outcomes. Our aim is to assess the elicit...

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Main Authors: Wouter W. deWeger, Diede Jansen, Lidy vanLente, Gerbrich N. van derMeulen, Arvid W. A. Kamps
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-01-01
Series:Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1152
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author Wouter W. deWeger
Diede Jansen
Lidy vanLente
Gerbrich N. van derMeulen
Arvid W. A. Kamps
author_facet Wouter W. deWeger
Diede Jansen
Lidy vanLente
Gerbrich N. van derMeulen
Arvid W. A. Kamps
author_sort Wouter W. deWeger
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Oral food challenges (OFCs) are used to confirm or reject a diagnosis of food allergy. However, younger children may encounter difficulties in consuming all offered doses during an OFC in the absence of symptoms, resulting in inconclusive outcomes. Our aim is to assess the eliciting dose for objective symptoms among various age groups and determine the necessity of consuming the final dose step during an uneventful OFC to avoid false negative outcomes. Methods OFCs for common food allergens performed between 2012 and 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcome was the association of age with stop dose for OFCs with inconclusive outcome. Secondary outcome measures were the association of age with eliciting dose and the potential number of false negative outcomes. Results A total of 1327 OFCs were performed in 707 patients. Of these, 514 (38.7%) were positive, 589 (44.4%) negative, and 224 (16.9%) inconclusive. In OFCs with inconclusive outcome, age appeared to be a significant predictor of the stop dose only for almond (p = .005). Objective symptoms occurred after the last dose step in 2%–13% of all OFCs with positive outcome. In our cohort, potential false negative outcomes may have been drawn in 27.6% of uneventful OFCs. Conclusions Two third of children under 6 years of age successfully consumed all the provided doses during OFCs with a negative outcome. The eliciting dose for objective symptoms was not associated with age, and in a substantial number of OFCs with positive outcome, symptoms occurred after eating the final dose. These findings suggest that in case of an uneventful OFC, the outcome should be drawn only after a cumulative dose of 4.4 g has been consumed to avoid the risk of a potential false negative outcome.
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spelling doaj-art-e13fdc10e22c49db8686d478a47e67bf2025-08-20T03:30:37ZengWileyImmunity, Inflammation and Disease2050-45272024-01-01121n/an/a10.1002/iid3.1152Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groupsWouter W. deWeger0Diede Jansen1Lidy vanLente2Gerbrich N. van derMeulen3Arvid W. A. Kamps4Department of Paediatrics Martini Hospital Groningen The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics Martini Hospital Groningen The NetherlandsDepartment of Epidemiology Martini Hospital Groningen The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics Martini Hospital Groningen The NetherlandsDepartment of Paediatrics Martini Hospital Groningen The NetherlandsAbstract Background Oral food challenges (OFCs) are used to confirm or reject a diagnosis of food allergy. However, younger children may encounter difficulties in consuming all offered doses during an OFC in the absence of symptoms, resulting in inconclusive outcomes. Our aim is to assess the eliciting dose for objective symptoms among various age groups and determine the necessity of consuming the final dose step during an uneventful OFC to avoid false negative outcomes. Methods OFCs for common food allergens performed between 2012 and 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcome was the association of age with stop dose for OFCs with inconclusive outcome. Secondary outcome measures were the association of age with eliciting dose and the potential number of false negative outcomes. Results A total of 1327 OFCs were performed in 707 patients. Of these, 514 (38.7%) were positive, 589 (44.4%) negative, and 224 (16.9%) inconclusive. In OFCs with inconclusive outcome, age appeared to be a significant predictor of the stop dose only for almond (p = .005). Objective symptoms occurred after the last dose step in 2%–13% of all OFCs with positive outcome. In our cohort, potential false negative outcomes may have been drawn in 27.6% of uneventful OFCs. Conclusions Two third of children under 6 years of age successfully consumed all the provided doses during OFCs with a negative outcome. The eliciting dose for objective symptoms was not associated with age, and in a substantial number of OFCs with positive outcome, symptoms occurred after eating the final dose. These findings suggest that in case of an uneventful OFC, the outcome should be drawn only after a cumulative dose of 4.4 g has been consumed to avoid the risk of a potential false negative outcome.https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1152allergyprocesses
spellingShingle Wouter W. deWeger
Diede Jansen
Lidy vanLente
Gerbrich N. van derMeulen
Arvid W. A. Kamps
Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
allergy
processes
title Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
title_full Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
title_fullStr Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
title_full_unstemmed Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
title_short Eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
title_sort eliciting and stop dose during oral food challenges for peanut and common tree nuts in different age groups
topic allergy
processes
url https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.1152
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AT lidyvanlente elicitingandstopdoseduringoralfoodchallengesforpeanutandcommontreenutsindifferentagegroups
AT gerbrichnvandermeulen elicitingandstopdoseduringoralfoodchallengesforpeanutandcommontreenutsindifferentagegroups
AT arvidwakamps elicitingandstopdoseduringoralfoodchallengesforpeanutandcommontreenutsindifferentagegroups