Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling

Cloud seeding is a weather modification technique for enhancing precipitation in arid and semi-arid regions, including the Western U.S. However, designing an optimal cloud seeding operation based on comprehensive evaluation metrics, such as seeding agent dispersion and atmospheric conditions, has ye...

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Main Authors: Ghazal Mehdizadeh, Ehsan Erfani, Frank McDonough, Farnaz Hosseinpour
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Atmosphere
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/12/1460
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author Ghazal Mehdizadeh
Ehsan Erfani
Frank McDonough
Farnaz Hosseinpour
author_facet Ghazal Mehdizadeh
Ehsan Erfani
Frank McDonough
Farnaz Hosseinpour
author_sort Ghazal Mehdizadeh
collection DOAJ
description Cloud seeding is a weather modification technique for enhancing precipitation in arid and semi-arid regions, including the Western U.S. However, designing an optimal cloud seeding operation based on comprehensive evaluation metrics, such as seeding agent dispersion and atmospheric conditions, has yet to be thoroughly explored for this region. This study investigated the impacts of cloud seeding, particularly utilizing silver iodide, on ice particle growth within clouds through numerical modeling. By leveraging the Snow Growth Model for Rimed Snowfall (SGMR), the microphysical processes involved in cloud seeding across five distinct events were simulated. The events were in the Lake Tahoe region, nestled within the Sierra Nevada Mountain ranges in the Western U.S. This model was executed based on six primary variables, including cloud top height, cloud base height, cloud top temperature, cloud base temperature, liquid water content, and ice water content. This study incorporated datasets from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 and the Clouds and the Earth Radiant Energy System. The findings revealed the importance of ice nucleation, aggregation, diffusion, and riming processes and highlighted the effectiveness of cloud seeding in enhancing ice particle number concentration, ice water content, and snowfall rates. However, event-specific analyses indicated diverse precipitation responses to cloud seeding based on initial atmospheric conditions. The SGMR modeling hints at the importance of improving ice microphysical processes and provides insights for future cloud seeding research using regional and global climate models.
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spelling doaj-art-e1216fe0bf5f4c39b33fa1e96ac4164a2025-08-20T02:56:05ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332024-12-011512146010.3390/atmos15121460Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical ModelingGhazal Mehdizadeh0Ehsan Erfani1Frank McDonough2Farnaz Hosseinpour3Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USADivision of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USADivision of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USADivision of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USACloud seeding is a weather modification technique for enhancing precipitation in arid and semi-arid regions, including the Western U.S. However, designing an optimal cloud seeding operation based on comprehensive evaluation metrics, such as seeding agent dispersion and atmospheric conditions, has yet to be thoroughly explored for this region. This study investigated the impacts of cloud seeding, particularly utilizing silver iodide, on ice particle growth within clouds through numerical modeling. By leveraging the Snow Growth Model for Rimed Snowfall (SGMR), the microphysical processes involved in cloud seeding across five distinct events were simulated. The events were in the Lake Tahoe region, nestled within the Sierra Nevada Mountain ranges in the Western U.S. This model was executed based on six primary variables, including cloud top height, cloud base height, cloud top temperature, cloud base temperature, liquid water content, and ice water content. This study incorporated datasets from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 and the Clouds and the Earth Radiant Energy System. The findings revealed the importance of ice nucleation, aggregation, diffusion, and riming processes and highlighted the effectiveness of cloud seeding in enhancing ice particle number concentration, ice water content, and snowfall rates. However, event-specific analyses indicated diverse precipitation responses to cloud seeding based on initial atmospheric conditions. The SGMR modeling hints at the importance of improving ice microphysical processes and provides insights for future cloud seeding research using regional and global climate models.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/12/1460weather modificationsnow growth modelaerosol–cloud interactionseeding-induced snowfallcloud seedingcloud microphysics
spellingShingle Ghazal Mehdizadeh
Ehsan Erfani
Frank McDonough
Farnaz Hosseinpour
Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling
Atmosphere
weather modification
snow growth model
aerosol–cloud interaction
seeding-induced snowfall
cloud seeding
cloud microphysics
title Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling
title_full Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling
title_fullStr Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling
title_short Quantifying the Influence of Cloud Seeding on Ice Particle Growth and Snowfall Through Idealized Microphysical Modeling
title_sort quantifying the influence of cloud seeding on ice particle growth and snowfall through idealized microphysical modeling
topic weather modification
snow growth model
aerosol–cloud interaction
seeding-induced snowfall
cloud seeding
cloud microphysics
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/12/1460
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