Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.

We previously used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster associated with heaviness of smoking within smokers to confirm the causal effect of smoking in reducing body mass index (BMI) in a Mendelian randomisation analysis. While seeking to extend these findings in a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Amy E Taylor, Richard W Morris, Meg E Fluharty, Johan H Bjorngaard, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, Maiken E Gabrielsen, Archie Campbell, Riccardo Marioni, Meena Kumari, Jenni Hällfors, Satu Männistö, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Marika Kaakinen, Alana Cavadino, Iris Postmus, Lise Lotte N Husemoen, Tea Skaaby, Tarunveer S Ahluwalia, Jorien L Treur, Gonneke Willemsen, Caroline Dale, S Goya Wannamethee, Jari Lahti, Aarno Palotie, Katri Räikkönen, Aliaksei Kisialiou, Alex McConnachie, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Andrew Wong, Christine Dalgård, Lavinia Paternoster, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Jessica Tyrrell, John Horwood, David M Fergusson, Martin A Kennedy, Tim Frayling, Ellen A Nohr, Lene Christiansen, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Diana Kuh, Graham Watt, Johan Eriksson, Peter H Whincup, Jacqueline M Vink, Dorret I Boomsma, George Davey Smith, Debbie Lawlor, Allan Linneberg, Ian Ford, J Wouter Jukema, Christine Power, Elina Hyppönen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Martin Preisig, Katja Borodulin, Jaakko Kaprio, Mika Kivimaki, Blair H Smith, Caroline Hayward, Pål R Romundstad, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Marcus R Munafò, Naveed Sattar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014-12-01
Series:PLoS Genetics
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004799
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849332340574126080
author Amy E Taylor
Richard W Morris
Meg E Fluharty
Johan H Bjorngaard
Bjørn Olav Åsvold
Maiken E Gabrielsen
Archie Campbell
Riccardo Marioni
Meena Kumari
Jenni Hällfors
Satu Männistö
Pedro Marques-Vidal
Marika Kaakinen
Alana Cavadino
Iris Postmus
Lise Lotte N Husemoen
Tea Skaaby
Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
Jorien L Treur
Gonneke Willemsen
Caroline Dale
S Goya Wannamethee
Jari Lahti
Aarno Palotie
Katri Räikkönen
Aliaksei Kisialiou
Alex McConnachie
Sandosh Padmanabhan
Andrew Wong
Christine Dalgård
Lavinia Paternoster
Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Jessica Tyrrell
John Horwood
David M Fergusson
Martin A Kennedy
Tim Frayling
Ellen A Nohr
Lene Christiansen
Kirsten Ohm Kyvik
Diana Kuh
Graham Watt
Johan Eriksson
Peter H Whincup
Jacqueline M Vink
Dorret I Boomsma
George Davey Smith
Debbie Lawlor
Allan Linneberg
Ian Ford
J Wouter Jukema
Christine Power
Elina Hyppönen
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
Martin Preisig
Katja Borodulin
Jaakko Kaprio
Mika Kivimaki
Blair H Smith
Caroline Hayward
Pål R Romundstad
Thorkild I A Sørensen
Marcus R Munafò
Naveed Sattar
author_facet Amy E Taylor
Richard W Morris
Meg E Fluharty
Johan H Bjorngaard
Bjørn Olav Åsvold
Maiken E Gabrielsen
Archie Campbell
Riccardo Marioni
Meena Kumari
Jenni Hällfors
Satu Männistö
Pedro Marques-Vidal
Marika Kaakinen
Alana Cavadino
Iris Postmus
Lise Lotte N Husemoen
Tea Skaaby
Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
Jorien L Treur
Gonneke Willemsen
Caroline Dale
S Goya Wannamethee
Jari Lahti
Aarno Palotie
Katri Räikkönen
Aliaksei Kisialiou
Alex McConnachie
Sandosh Padmanabhan
Andrew Wong
Christine Dalgård
Lavinia Paternoster
Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Jessica Tyrrell
John Horwood
David M Fergusson
Martin A Kennedy
Tim Frayling
Ellen A Nohr
Lene Christiansen
Kirsten Ohm Kyvik
Diana Kuh
Graham Watt
Johan Eriksson
Peter H Whincup
Jacqueline M Vink
Dorret I Boomsma
George Davey Smith
Debbie Lawlor
Allan Linneberg
Ian Ford
J Wouter Jukema
Christine Power
Elina Hyppönen
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
Martin Preisig
Katja Borodulin
Jaakko Kaprio
Mika Kivimaki
Blair H Smith
Caroline Hayward
Pål R Romundstad
Thorkild I A Sørensen
Marcus R Munafò
Naveed Sattar
author_sort Amy E Taylor
collection DOAJ
description We previously used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster associated with heaviness of smoking within smokers to confirm the causal effect of smoking in reducing body mass index (BMI) in a Mendelian randomisation analysis. While seeking to extend these findings in a larger sample we found that this SNP is associated with 0.74% lower body mass index (BMI) per minor allele in current smokers (95% CI -0.97 to -0.51, P = 2.00 × 10(-10)), but also unexpectedly found that it was associated with 0.35% higher BMI in never smokers (95% CI +0.18 to +0.52, P = 6.38 × 10(-5)). An interaction test confirmed that these estimates differed from each other (P = 4.95 × 10(-13)). This difference in effects suggests the variant influences BMI both via pathways unrelated to smoking, and via the weight-reducing effects of smoking. It would therefore be essentially undetectable in an unstratified genome-wide association study of BMI, given the opposite association with BMI in never and current smokers. This demonstrates that novel associations may be obscured by hidden population sub-structure. Stratification on well-characterized environmental factors known to impact on health outcomes may therefore reveal novel genetic associations.
format Article
id doaj-art-e108bc85488b45e6916607f6be734200
institution Kabale University
issn 1553-7390
1553-7404
language English
publishDate 2014-12-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS Genetics
spelling doaj-art-e108bc85488b45e6916607f6be7342002025-08-20T03:46:13ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042014-12-011012e100479910.1371/journal.pgen.1004799Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.Amy E TaylorRichard W MorrisMeg E FluhartyJohan H BjorngaardBjørn Olav ÅsvoldMaiken E GabrielsenArchie CampbellRiccardo MarioniMeena KumariJenni HällforsSatu MännistöPedro Marques-VidalMarika KaakinenAlana CavadinoIris PostmusLise Lotte N HusemoenTea SkaabyTarunveer S AhluwaliaJorien L TreurGonneke WillemsenCaroline DaleS Goya WannametheeJari LahtiAarno PalotieKatri RäikkönenAliaksei KisialiouAlex McConnachieSandosh PadmanabhanAndrew WongChristine DalgårdLavinia PaternosterYoav Ben-ShlomoJessica TyrrellJohn HorwoodDavid M FergussonMartin A KennedyTim FraylingEllen A NohrLene ChristiansenKirsten Ohm KyvikDiana KuhGraham WattJohan ErikssonPeter H WhincupJacqueline M VinkDorret I BoomsmaGeorge Davey SmithDebbie LawlorAllan LinnebergIan FordJ Wouter JukemaChristine PowerElina HyppönenMarjo-Riitta JarvelinMartin PreisigKatja BorodulinJaakko KaprioMika KivimakiBlair H SmithCaroline HaywardPål R RomundstadThorkild I A SørensenMarcus R MunafòNaveed SattarWe previously used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CHRNA5-A3-B4 gene cluster associated with heaviness of smoking within smokers to confirm the causal effect of smoking in reducing body mass index (BMI) in a Mendelian randomisation analysis. While seeking to extend these findings in a larger sample we found that this SNP is associated with 0.74% lower body mass index (BMI) per minor allele in current smokers (95% CI -0.97 to -0.51, P = 2.00 × 10(-10)), but also unexpectedly found that it was associated with 0.35% higher BMI in never smokers (95% CI +0.18 to +0.52, P = 6.38 × 10(-5)). An interaction test confirmed that these estimates differed from each other (P = 4.95 × 10(-13)). This difference in effects suggests the variant influences BMI both via pathways unrelated to smoking, and via the weight-reducing effects of smoking. It would therefore be essentially undetectable in an unstratified genome-wide association study of BMI, given the opposite association with BMI in never and current smokers. This demonstrates that novel associations may be obscured by hidden population sub-structure. Stratification on well-characterized environmental factors known to impact on health outcomes may therefore reveal novel genetic associations.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004799
spellingShingle Amy E Taylor
Richard W Morris
Meg E Fluharty
Johan H Bjorngaard
Bjørn Olav Åsvold
Maiken E Gabrielsen
Archie Campbell
Riccardo Marioni
Meena Kumari
Jenni Hällfors
Satu Männistö
Pedro Marques-Vidal
Marika Kaakinen
Alana Cavadino
Iris Postmus
Lise Lotte N Husemoen
Tea Skaaby
Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
Jorien L Treur
Gonneke Willemsen
Caroline Dale
S Goya Wannamethee
Jari Lahti
Aarno Palotie
Katri Räikkönen
Aliaksei Kisialiou
Alex McConnachie
Sandosh Padmanabhan
Andrew Wong
Christine Dalgård
Lavinia Paternoster
Yoav Ben-Shlomo
Jessica Tyrrell
John Horwood
David M Fergusson
Martin A Kennedy
Tim Frayling
Ellen A Nohr
Lene Christiansen
Kirsten Ohm Kyvik
Diana Kuh
Graham Watt
Johan Eriksson
Peter H Whincup
Jacqueline M Vink
Dorret I Boomsma
George Davey Smith
Debbie Lawlor
Allan Linneberg
Ian Ford
J Wouter Jukema
Christine Power
Elina Hyppönen
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
Martin Preisig
Katja Borodulin
Jaakko Kaprio
Mika Kivimaki
Blair H Smith
Caroline Hayward
Pål R Romundstad
Thorkild I A Sørensen
Marcus R Munafò
Naveed Sattar
Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.
PLoS Genetics
title Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.
title_full Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.
title_fullStr Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.
title_full_unstemmed Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.
title_short Stratification by smoking status reveals an association of CHRNA5-A3-B4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers.
title_sort stratification by smoking status reveals an association of chrna5 a3 b4 genotype with body mass index in never smokers
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004799
work_keys_str_mv AT amyetaylor stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT richardwmorris stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT megefluharty stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT johanhbjorngaard stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT bjørnolavasvold stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT maikenegabrielsen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT archiecampbell stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT riccardomarioni stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT meenakumari stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jennihallfors stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT satumannisto stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT pedromarquesvidal stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT marikakaakinen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT alanacavadino stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT irispostmus stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT liselottenhusemoen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT teaskaaby stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT tarunveersahluwalia stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jorienltreur stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT gonnekewillemsen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT carolinedale stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT sgoyawannamethee stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jarilahti stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT aarnopalotie stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT katriraikkonen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT aliakseikisialiou stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT alexmcconnachie stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT sandoshpadmanabhan stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT andrewwong stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT christinedalgard stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT laviniapaternoster stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT yoavbenshlomo stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jessicatyrrell stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT johnhorwood stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT davidmfergusson stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT martinakennedy stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT timfrayling stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT ellenanohr stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT lenechristiansen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT kirstenohmkyvik stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT dianakuh stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT grahamwatt stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT johaneriksson stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT peterhwhincup stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jacquelinemvink stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT dorretiboomsma stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT georgedaveysmith stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT debbielawlor stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT allanlinneberg stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT ianford stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jwouterjukema stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT christinepower stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT elinahypponen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT marjoriittajarvelin stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT martinpreisig stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT katjaborodulin stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT jaakkokaprio stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT mikakivimaki stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT blairhsmith stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT carolinehayward stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT palrromundstad stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT thorkildiasørensen stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT marcusrmunafo stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers
AT naveedsattar stratificationbysmokingstatusrevealsanassociationofchrna5a3b4genotypewithbodymassindexinneversmokers