Patient Management in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Aim. A current overview of non-pharmacological and drug-based approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).Key points. NAFLD is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk (due to association with “metabolic syndrome”) and the risks of liv...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Russian |
| Published: |
Gastro LLC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.gastro-j.ru/jour/article/view/543 |
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| Summary: | Aim. A current overview of non-pharmacological and drug-based approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).Key points. NAFLD is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk (due to association with “metabolic syndrome”) and the risks of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Macro- and microvascular complications in T2D comorbidity entail a higher overall mortality. A conjunction of lifestyle change and rational medication strategies to reach the target levels of glycosylated haemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure is key in management of such patients. A body weight loss by 5–7 % or more (through caloric restriction or a bariatric surgery) promotes a marked reduction in liver fat and even reversal of steatohepatitis. Metered exercise exerts this effect even at insignificant weight loss. Minimising alcohol consumption and smoking is critical. A hepatotropic drug therapy is most essential in moderate fibrotic NAFLD. It includes antidiabetic agents (metformin, thiazolidinediones, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors), bile acid preparations (e.g., 24-nor-ursodeoxycholic acid), farnesoid X receptor agonists (obeticholic acid, tropifexor), statins, acetylsalicylic acid. Combinations are superior to individual-drug schemes.Conclusion. The management of combined NAFLD-T2D requires a close inter-specialty involvement from hepatology, gastroenterology, endocrinology and cardiology. This interdisciplinary problem can be tackled through persuasive lifestyle recommendations and choosing rational medication strategies with a proved hepatoprotective efficacy. |
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| ISSN: | 1382-4376 2658-6673 |