Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection

High-finesse fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) have shown great promise as sensitive ultrasonic sensors. However, the fabrication process of the sensors usually introduces birefringence to the fiber, which makes the sensor operation sensitive to the polarization of the p...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yupeng Zhu, Qiwen Sheng, Ming Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2020-01-01
Series:IEEE Photonics Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9140365/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850107345467604992
author Yupeng Zhu
Qiwen Sheng
Ming Han
author_facet Yupeng Zhu
Qiwen Sheng
Ming Han
author_sort Yupeng Zhu
collection DOAJ
description High-finesse fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) have shown great promise as sensitive ultrasonic sensors. However, the fabrication process of the sensors usually introduces birefringence to the fiber, which makes the sensor operation sensitive to the polarization of the probe laser. Here, we theoretically study the effect of laser polarization on the sensitivity of the sensor with birefringence. We show that, to maintain the sensitivity above half of its maximum of a high-finesse FBG-FPI sensor, the spectral notch separation caused by sensor birefringence should be less than ∼61% of the spectral notch width of the sensor. We fabricate an FBG-FPI sensor with negligible overall birefringence by rotating the fiber by 90° between the fabrication of the two FBGs. As a result, the birefringence introduced during the fabrication of the two FBGs cancels out each other. For comparison, a regular FBG-FPI fabricated without fiber rotation was also tested. While the regular FBG-FPI exhibited large variations in detection sensitivity with laser polarization, the polarization-insensitive showed little changes. As a result, no control on the laser polarization is needed during the operation of the polarization-insensitive FBG-FPI for ultrasonic detection, an important attribute required in many practical applications of the sensor.
format Article
id doaj-art-e0ca3e6850604badad9c54c68917a3f6
institution OA Journals
issn 1943-0655
language English
publishDate 2020-01-01
publisher IEEE
record_format Article
series IEEE Photonics Journal
spelling doaj-art-e0ca3e6850604badad9c54c68917a3f62025-08-20T02:38:36ZengIEEEIEEE Photonics Journal1943-06552020-01-011241810.1109/JPHOT.2020.30090629140365Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound DetectionYupeng Zhu0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6260-5238Qiwen Sheng1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5039-3998Ming Han2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3595-4560Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USAHigh-finesse fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) have shown great promise as sensitive ultrasonic sensors. However, the fabrication process of the sensors usually introduces birefringence to the fiber, which makes the sensor operation sensitive to the polarization of the probe laser. Here, we theoretically study the effect of laser polarization on the sensitivity of the sensor with birefringence. We show that, to maintain the sensitivity above half of its maximum of a high-finesse FBG-FPI sensor, the spectral notch separation caused by sensor birefringence should be less than ∼61% of the spectral notch width of the sensor. We fabricate an FBG-FPI sensor with negligible overall birefringence by rotating the fiber by 90° between the fabrication of the two FBGs. As a result, the birefringence introduced during the fabrication of the two FBGs cancels out each other. For comparison, a regular FBG-FPI fabricated without fiber rotation was also tested. While the regular FBG-FPI exhibited large variations in detection sensitivity with laser polarization, the polarization-insensitive showed little changes. As a result, no control on the laser polarization is needed during the operation of the polarization-insensitive FBG-FPI for ultrasonic detection, an important attribute required in many practical applications of the sensor.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9140365/Fiber optic sensorsfiber Bragg gratingspolarizationbirefringenceultrasound detection
spellingShingle Yupeng Zhu
Qiwen Sheng
Ming Han
Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection
IEEE Photonics Journal
Fiber optic sensors
fiber Bragg gratings
polarization
birefringence
ultrasound detection
title Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection
title_full Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection
title_fullStr Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection
title_short Effect of Laser Polarization on Fiber Bragg Grating Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection
title_sort effect of laser polarization on fiber bragg grating fabry perot interferometer for ultrasound detection
topic Fiber optic sensors
fiber Bragg gratings
polarization
birefringence
ultrasound detection
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9140365/
work_keys_str_mv AT yupengzhu effectoflaserpolarizationonfiberbragggratingfabryperotinterferometerforultrasounddetection
AT qiwensheng effectoflaserpolarizationonfiberbragggratingfabryperotinterferometerforultrasounddetection
AT minghan effectoflaserpolarizationonfiberbragggratingfabryperotinterferometerforultrasounddetection