Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors

Abstract The growing demand for reliable and minimally invasive health monitoring technologies has driven the development of advanced implantable devices. Traditional systems relying on batteries and wires face challenges such as limited lifespan, complexity, and risks of complications. Inductor‐cap...

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Main Authors: Baochun Xu, Cunjiang Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley-VCH 2025-07-01
Series:Advanced Electronic Materials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500184
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author Baochun Xu
Cunjiang Yu
author_facet Baochun Xu
Cunjiang Yu
author_sort Baochun Xu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The growing demand for reliable and minimally invasive health monitoring technologies has driven the development of advanced implantable devices. Traditional systems relying on batteries and wires face challenges such as limited lifespan, complexity, and risks of complications. Inductor‐capacitor (LC) sensors offer a compelling alternative that uses simple resonant circuits to achieve battery‐free and wireless operation. These sensors function through magnetic coupling with external readers, eliminating the need for internal power sources or physical connections, while enabling compact and biocompatible designs. This review begins by introducing the fundamental principles and key design considerations of LC sensors, including material selection, geometric constraints, and implantation methods. It then examines their examplary applications, such as intracranial pressure monitoring, intraocular pressure measurement, tissue mechanics assessment, and tumor microenvironment analysis among others. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and future directions for implantable LC sensor technologies, emphasizing the importance of mechanism and material innovation, scalability and multifunctionality, and integration with digital healthcare systems to meet the demands of health monitoring.
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spelling doaj-art-e0c4c45f62124656b2abe1b858ca6b482025-08-20T02:44:43ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Electronic Materials2199-160X2025-07-011110n/an/a10.1002/aelm.202500184Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based SensorsBaochun Xu0Cunjiang Yu1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering and Department of Bioengineering Materials Research Laboratory Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USAAbstract The growing demand for reliable and minimally invasive health monitoring technologies has driven the development of advanced implantable devices. Traditional systems relying on batteries and wires face challenges such as limited lifespan, complexity, and risks of complications. Inductor‐capacitor (LC) sensors offer a compelling alternative that uses simple resonant circuits to achieve battery‐free and wireless operation. These sensors function through magnetic coupling with external readers, eliminating the need for internal power sources or physical connections, while enabling compact and biocompatible designs. This review begins by introducing the fundamental principles and key design considerations of LC sensors, including material selection, geometric constraints, and implantation methods. It then examines their examplary applications, such as intracranial pressure monitoring, intraocular pressure measurement, tissue mechanics assessment, and tumor microenvironment analysis among others. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and future directions for implantable LC sensor technologies, emphasizing the importance of mechanism and material innovation, scalability and multifunctionality, and integration with digital healthcare systems to meet the demands of health monitoring.https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500184battery‐freehealthcare monitoringimplantableinductor‐capacitor sensorwireless
spellingShingle Baochun Xu
Cunjiang Yu
Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors
Advanced Electronic Materials
battery‐free
healthcare monitoring
implantable
inductor‐capacitor sensor
wireless
title Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors
title_full Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors
title_fullStr Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors
title_full_unstemmed Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors
title_short Wireless, Battery‐free, Implantable Inductor‐Capacitor Based Sensors
title_sort wireless battery free implantable inductor capacitor based sensors
topic battery‐free
healthcare monitoring
implantable
inductor‐capacitor sensor
wireless
url https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202500184
work_keys_str_mv AT baochunxu wirelessbatteryfreeimplantableinductorcapacitorbasedsensors
AT cunjiangyu wirelessbatteryfreeimplantableinductorcapacitorbasedsensors