Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa), commonly used for industrial purposes, is now being consumed by the public for various health promoting effects. As popularity of hemp research and claims of beneficial effects rises, a systematic collection of current scientific...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xin Yi Lim, Terence Yew Chin Tan, Siti Hajar Muhd Rosli, Muhammad Nor Farhan Sa'at, Syazwani Sirdar Ali, Ami Fazlin Syed Mohamed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0245471&type=printable
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832540076987383808
author Xin Yi Lim
Terence Yew Chin Tan
Siti Hajar Muhd Rosli
Muhammad Nor Farhan Sa'at
Syazwani Sirdar Ali
Ami Fazlin Syed Mohamed
author_facet Xin Yi Lim
Terence Yew Chin Tan
Siti Hajar Muhd Rosli
Muhammad Nor Farhan Sa'at
Syazwani Sirdar Ali
Ami Fazlin Syed Mohamed
author_sort Xin Yi Lim
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Introduction</h4>Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa), commonly used for industrial purposes, is now being consumed by the public for various health promoting effects. As popularity of hemp research and claims of beneficial effects rises, a systematic collection of current scientific evidence on hemp's health effects and pharmacological properties is needed to guide future research, clinical, and policy decision making.<h4>Objective</h4>To provide an overview and identify the present landscape of hemp research topics, trends, and gaps.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic search and analysis strategy according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis-ScR (PRISMA-ScR) checklist on electronic databases including MEDLINE, OVID (OVFT, APC Journal Club, EBM Reviews), Cochrane Library Central and Clinicaltrials.gov was conducted to include and analyse hemp research articles from 2009 to 2019.<h4>Results</h4>65 primary articles (18 clinical, 47 pre-clinical) were reviewed. Several randomised controlled trials showed hempseed pills (in Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation MaZiRenWan) improving spontaneous bowel movement in functional constipation. There was also evidence suggesting benefits in cannabis dependence, epilepsy, and anxiety disorders. Pre-clinically, hemp derivatives showed potential anti-oxidative, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-acne, and anti-microbial activities. Renal protective effects and estrogenic properties were also exhibited in vitro.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Current evidence on hemp-specific interventions are still preliminary, with limited high quality clinical evidence for any specific therapeutic indication. This is mainly due to the wide variation in test item formulation, as the multiple variants of this plant differ in their phytochemical and bioactive compounds. Future empirical research should focus on standardising the hemp plant for pharmaceutical use, and uniformity in experimental designs to strengthen the premise of using hemp in medicine.
format Article
id doaj-art-e0bc4b14be714c2e92ca20cc5b975341
institution Kabale University
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2021-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-e0bc4b14be714c2e92ca20cc5b9753412025-02-05T05:32:59ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01161e024547110.1371/journal.pone.0245471Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.Xin Yi LimTerence Yew Chin TanSiti Hajar Muhd RosliMuhammad Nor Farhan Sa'atSyazwani Sirdar AliAmi Fazlin Syed Mohamed<h4>Introduction</h4>Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa), commonly used for industrial purposes, is now being consumed by the public for various health promoting effects. As popularity of hemp research and claims of beneficial effects rises, a systematic collection of current scientific evidence on hemp's health effects and pharmacological properties is needed to guide future research, clinical, and policy decision making.<h4>Objective</h4>To provide an overview and identify the present landscape of hemp research topics, trends, and gaps.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic search and analysis strategy according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis-ScR (PRISMA-ScR) checklist on electronic databases including MEDLINE, OVID (OVFT, APC Journal Club, EBM Reviews), Cochrane Library Central and Clinicaltrials.gov was conducted to include and analyse hemp research articles from 2009 to 2019.<h4>Results</h4>65 primary articles (18 clinical, 47 pre-clinical) were reviewed. Several randomised controlled trials showed hempseed pills (in Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation MaZiRenWan) improving spontaneous bowel movement in functional constipation. There was also evidence suggesting benefits in cannabis dependence, epilepsy, and anxiety disorders. Pre-clinically, hemp derivatives showed potential anti-oxidative, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-acne, and anti-microbial activities. Renal protective effects and estrogenic properties were also exhibited in vitro.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Current evidence on hemp-specific interventions are still preliminary, with limited high quality clinical evidence for any specific therapeutic indication. This is mainly due to the wide variation in test item formulation, as the multiple variants of this plant differ in their phytochemical and bioactive compounds. Future empirical research should focus on standardising the hemp plant for pharmaceutical use, and uniformity in experimental designs to strengthen the premise of using hemp in medicine.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0245471&type=printable
spellingShingle Xin Yi Lim
Terence Yew Chin Tan
Siti Hajar Muhd Rosli
Muhammad Nor Farhan Sa'at
Syazwani Sirdar Ali
Ami Fazlin Syed Mohamed
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.
PLoS ONE
title Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.
title_full Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.
title_fullStr Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.
title_full_unstemmed Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.
title_short Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence.
title_sort cannabis sativa subsp sativa s pharmacological properties and health effects a scoping review of current evidence
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0245471&type=printable
work_keys_str_mv AT xinyilim cannabissativasubspsativaspharmacologicalpropertiesandhealtheffectsascopingreviewofcurrentevidence
AT terenceyewchintan cannabissativasubspsativaspharmacologicalpropertiesandhealtheffectsascopingreviewofcurrentevidence
AT sitihajarmuhdrosli cannabissativasubspsativaspharmacologicalpropertiesandhealtheffectsascopingreviewofcurrentevidence
AT muhammadnorfarhansaat cannabissativasubspsativaspharmacologicalpropertiesandhealtheffectsascopingreviewofcurrentevidence
AT syazwanisirdarali cannabissativasubspsativaspharmacologicalpropertiesandhealtheffectsascopingreviewofcurrentevidence
AT amifazlinsyedmohamed cannabissativasubspsativaspharmacologicalpropertiesandhealtheffectsascopingreviewofcurrentevidence