Elevated Zinc and Potassium Levels in Renal Calculi Indicate Distinct Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Urolithiasis

Elevated Zinc and Potassium Levels in Renal Calculi Indicate Distinct Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Urolithiasis

Background/Objectives: Urolithiasis is a common disease in Western societies, affecting approximately 10% of the population, and more often men than women. The formation of renal calculi is a complex process, including various compounds and proteins. The aim of this study is to compare differences b...

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Main Authors: Maciej Jaromin, Marcin Cichocki, Tomasz Konecki, Piotr Kutwin, Waldemar Maniukiewicz, Piotr Wysocki, Magdalena Gajek, Małgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jóźwik, Dariusz Moczulski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Pathophysiology
Subjects:
urolithiasis
renal calculi composition
sex differences
potassium
zinc
iron
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1873-149X/32/2/23
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