Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress

Trimethyltin hydrochloride (TMT) induces hippocampal neurodegeneration and learning and memory impairments, providing a useful experimental model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with ant...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zahra Asgari, Saeid Iranzadeh, Mehrdad Roghani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Brain Research Bulletin
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923025001947
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850158397261873152
author Zahra Asgari
Saeid Iranzadeh
Mehrdad Roghani
author_facet Zahra Asgari
Saeid Iranzadeh
Mehrdad Roghani
author_sort Zahra Asgari
collection DOAJ
description Trimethyltin hydrochloride (TMT) induces hippocampal neurodegeneration and learning and memory impairments, providing a useful experimental model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, against TMT-induced hippocampal damage and elucidate some of its underlying molecular mechanisms. Male NMRI mice (n = 32) were divided into four experimental groups: control, control + myricetin, TMT, and TMT + myricetin. Neurodegeneration was induced by intraperitoneal TMT injection (2.8 mg/kg), followed by daily oral administration of myricetin (25 mg/kg) for 21 days. Learning and memory-related function was assessed using passive avoidance, novel object recognition, and Y-maze tests. After behavioral tasks, hippocampal levels of oxidative stress parameters (glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA)), inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10)), and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway proteins (GRP78, PERK, IRE1α, and CHOP) were evaluated. Histological examinations included Nissl staining to quantify neuronal degeneration in CA1 and dentate gyrus regions, as well as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry. Myricetin treatment attenuated TMT-induced learning and memory impairments and neuronal loss in the CA1 and dentate gyrus subfields. It significantly enhanced hippocampal levels of GSH, SOD and catalase activities, and IL-10 while reducing levels of MDA, TNF-α, and GFAP immunoreactivity. Moreover, myricetin alleviated the TMT-induced elevation of GRP78, PERK, IRE1α, and CHOP. These findings suggest that myricetin holds promise as a therapeutic candidate for AD and other neurodegenerative disorders by counteracting oxidative stress, suppressing neuroinflammation, and modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.
format Article
id doaj-art-e0a67b8223c546bd8b2ddaea36b31a96
institution OA Journals
issn 1873-2747
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Brain Research Bulletin
spelling doaj-art-e0a67b8223c546bd8b2ddaea36b31a962025-08-20T02:23:52ZengElsevierBrain Research Bulletin1873-27472025-07-0122711138210.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111382Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stressZahra Asgari0Saeid Iranzadeh1Mehrdad Roghani2Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, IranNeurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, IranNeurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author.Trimethyltin hydrochloride (TMT) induces hippocampal neurodegeneration and learning and memory impairments, providing a useful experimental model for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of myricetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, against TMT-induced hippocampal damage and elucidate some of its underlying molecular mechanisms. Male NMRI mice (n = 32) were divided into four experimental groups: control, control + myricetin, TMT, and TMT + myricetin. Neurodegeneration was induced by intraperitoneal TMT injection (2.8 mg/kg), followed by daily oral administration of myricetin (25 mg/kg) for 21 days. Learning and memory-related function was assessed using passive avoidance, novel object recognition, and Y-maze tests. After behavioral tasks, hippocampal levels of oxidative stress parameters (glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA)), inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10)), and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway proteins (GRP78, PERK, IRE1α, and CHOP) were evaluated. Histological examinations included Nissl staining to quantify neuronal degeneration in CA1 and dentate gyrus regions, as well as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry. Myricetin treatment attenuated TMT-induced learning and memory impairments and neuronal loss in the CA1 and dentate gyrus subfields. It significantly enhanced hippocampal levels of GSH, SOD and catalase activities, and IL-10 while reducing levels of MDA, TNF-α, and GFAP immunoreactivity. Moreover, myricetin alleviated the TMT-induced elevation of GRP78, PERK, IRE1α, and CHOP. These findings suggest that myricetin holds promise as a therapeutic candidate for AD and other neurodegenerative disorders by counteracting oxidative stress, suppressing neuroinflammation, and modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923025001947Alzheimer’s diseaseTrimethyltinMyricetinOxidative stressInflammationEndoplasmic reticulum stress
spellingShingle Zahra Asgari
Saeid Iranzadeh
Mehrdad Roghani
Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
Brain Research Bulletin
Alzheimer’s disease
Trimethyltin
Myricetin
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Endoplasmic reticulum stress
title Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
title_full Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
title_fullStr Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
title_full_unstemmed Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
title_short Myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin Alzheimer’s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
title_sort myricetin alleviates learning and memory deficits in trimethyltin alzheimer s phenotype via attenuating hippocampal endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating inflammation and oxidative stress
topic Alzheimer’s disease
Trimethyltin
Myricetin
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Endoplasmic reticulum stress
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923025001947
work_keys_str_mv AT zahraasgari myricetinalleviateslearningandmemorydeficitsintrimethyltinalzheimersphenotypeviaattenuatinghippocampalendoplasmicreticulumstressandregulatinginflammationandoxidativestress
AT saeidiranzadeh myricetinalleviateslearningandmemorydeficitsintrimethyltinalzheimersphenotypeviaattenuatinghippocampalendoplasmicreticulumstressandregulatinginflammationandoxidativestress
AT mehrdadroghani myricetinalleviateslearningandmemorydeficitsintrimethyltinalzheimersphenotypeviaattenuatinghippocampalendoplasmicreticulumstressandregulatinginflammationandoxidativestress