Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress
Understanding the ability of hybrids of genetically modified (GM) soybean and wild soybean to survive and reproduce under unfavorable conditions is critical for answering questions regarding risk assessment and the existence of transgenes in the environment. To investigate the effects of high-temper...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Li Zhang Qi Yu Xin Yin Laipan Liu Zhentao Ren Zhixiang Fang Wenjing Shen Shengnan Liu Biao Liu |
| author_facet | Li Zhang Qi Yu Xin Yin Laipan Liu Zhentao Ren Zhixiang Fang Wenjing Shen Shengnan Liu Biao Liu |
| author_sort | Li Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the ability of hybrids of genetically modified (GM) soybean and wild soybean to survive and reproduce under unfavorable conditions is critical for answering questions regarding risk assessment and the existence of transgenes in the environment. To investigate the effects of high-temperature stress on soybean growth and competitive ability, the GM soybean DBN8002, which expresses the VIP3Aa and PAT proteins, and F<sub>2</sub> generations derived from a cross between GM soybean and NJW (wild soybean) were placed in a greenhouse with an elevated temperature (38/32 °C) for 14 days, and the plant agronomic performance and foreign protein levels of hybrid soybean were evaluated to observe their responses to high temperature. The results revealed that the VIP3Aa and PAT protein levels in F<sub>2</sub> and GM were not influenced by high-temperature stress. In contrast, the pollen germination, pod number, hundred-seed weight, and seed vigor of the F<sub>2</sub> hybrid and parent soybean plants decreased after high-temperature stress. However, except for the number of fully filled seeds per plant, the above parameters of the F<sub>2</sub> hybrid were similar to or slightly lower than those of wild soybean, and no significant difference in fitness was observed between the F<sub>2</sub> hybrid and wild soybean, indicating that the growth and competitive ability of the hybrid were similar to those of its female parent under heat stress conditions, resulting in the transgenes persisting and spreading within agricultural ecosystems. Our results enhance the understanding of the GM soybean plant’s response to heat stress, lay the foundation for breeding heat-resistant soybean varieties, and provide new insights and advanced information on the ecological risks arising from the escape of transgenes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e07f8bb969fc495b984d894eb98c90f5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-e07f8bb969fc495b984d894eb98c90f52025-08-20T03:12:12ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-02-0114462210.3390/plants14040622Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat StressLi Zhang0Qi Yu1Xin Yin2Laipan Liu3Zhentao Ren4Zhixiang Fang5Wenjing Shen6Shengnan Liu7Biao Liu8Key Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu 610066, ChinaKey Laboratory on Biodiversity and Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, ChinaUnderstanding the ability of hybrids of genetically modified (GM) soybean and wild soybean to survive and reproduce under unfavorable conditions is critical for answering questions regarding risk assessment and the existence of transgenes in the environment. To investigate the effects of high-temperature stress on soybean growth and competitive ability, the GM soybean DBN8002, which expresses the VIP3Aa and PAT proteins, and F<sub>2</sub> generations derived from a cross between GM soybean and NJW (wild soybean) were placed in a greenhouse with an elevated temperature (38/32 °C) for 14 days, and the plant agronomic performance and foreign protein levels of hybrid soybean were evaluated to observe their responses to high temperature. The results revealed that the VIP3Aa and PAT protein levels in F<sub>2</sub> and GM were not influenced by high-temperature stress. In contrast, the pollen germination, pod number, hundred-seed weight, and seed vigor of the F<sub>2</sub> hybrid and parent soybean plants decreased after high-temperature stress. However, except for the number of fully filled seeds per plant, the above parameters of the F<sub>2</sub> hybrid were similar to or slightly lower than those of wild soybean, and no significant difference in fitness was observed between the F<sub>2</sub> hybrid and wild soybean, indicating that the growth and competitive ability of the hybrid were similar to those of its female parent under heat stress conditions, resulting in the transgenes persisting and spreading within agricultural ecosystems. Our results enhance the understanding of the GM soybean plant’s response to heat stress, lay the foundation for breeding heat-resistant soybean varieties, and provide new insights and advanced information on the ecological risks arising from the escape of transgenes.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/4/622genetically modified soybeantransgene escapeF<sub>2</sub> hybridhigh temperaturecompetition |
| spellingShingle | Li Zhang Qi Yu Xin Yin Laipan Liu Zhentao Ren Zhixiang Fang Wenjing Shen Shengnan Liu Biao Liu Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress Plants genetically modified soybean transgene escape F<sub>2</sub> hybrid high temperature competition |
| title | Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress |
| title_full | Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress |
| title_fullStr | Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress |
| title_short | Changes in the Stress Response and Fitness of Hybrids Between Transgenic Soybean and Wild-Type Plants Under Heat Stress |
| title_sort | changes in the stress response and fitness of hybrids between transgenic soybean and wild type plants under heat stress |
| topic | genetically modified soybean transgene escape F<sub>2</sub> hybrid high temperature competition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/4/622 |
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