A 100 Mpc2 Structure Traced by Hyperluminous Galaxies around a Massive z = 2.85 Protocluster
We present wide-field mapping at 850 μ m and 450 μ m of the z = 2.85 protocluster in the HS 1549+19 field using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2. Spectroscopic follow-up of 18 bright sources selected at 850 μ m, using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array and Atacama Large Millimeter...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb834 |
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| Summary: | We present wide-field mapping at 850 μ m and 450 μ m of the z = 2.85 protocluster in the HS 1549+19 field using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2. Spectroscopic follow-up of 18 bright sources selected at 850 μ m, using the Northern Extended Millimeter Array and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, confirms that the majority lie near z ≃ 2.85 and are likely members of the structure. Interpreting the spectroscopic redshifts as distance measurements, we find that the submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) span 123 pMpc ^2 in the plane of the sky and demarcate a 3600 pMpc ^3 “pancake”-shaped structure in three dimensions. We find that the high star formation rates of these SMGs result in a total star formation rate of 20,000 M _⊙ yr ^−1 from just the brightest galaxies in the protocluster. These rapidly star-forming SMGs can be interpreted as massive galaxies growing rapidly at large clustercentric distances before collapsing into a virialized structure. We find that the SMGs trace the Ly α surface density profile. Comparison with simulations suggests that HS 1549+19 could be building a structure comparable to the most massive clusters in the present-day Universe. |
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| ISSN: | 1538-4357 |