Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

<h4>Background/purpose</h4>Excess weight has been identified as a potential risk factor for post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether excess weight is associated with the development or experience of neurological and neuropsychia...

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Main Authors: Débora Barbosa Ronca, Larissa Otaviano Mesquita, Dryelle Oliveira, Ana Cláudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo, Jun Wen, Manshu Song, Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314892
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author Débora Barbosa Ronca
Larissa Otaviano Mesquita
Dryelle Oliveira
Ana Cláudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo
Jun Wen
Manshu Song
Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho
author_facet Débora Barbosa Ronca
Larissa Otaviano Mesquita
Dryelle Oliveira
Ana Cláudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo
Jun Wen
Manshu Song
Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho
author_sort Débora Barbosa Ronca
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background/purpose</h4>Excess weight has been identified as a potential risk factor for post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether excess weight is associated with the development or experience of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in PCC.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a comprehensive search of eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, VHL, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and medRxiv) for studies published up to July 2023. Studies were included if they assessed PCC symptoms in relation to nutritional status, specifically the development of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms more than 12 weeks post-infection. The analysis compared exposure and controls groups (excess weight vs. normal weight; obesity vs. non-obesity). Data were synthesized using a random-effects model.<h4>Results</h4>Of the 10,122 abstracts screened, 18 studies (n = 139,091 adults) were included. These studies included 79,050 individuals with excess weight vs 57,926 normal-weight individuals and 30,694 individuals with obesity vs 107,612 non-obese individuals. The presence of excess weight in PCC was significantly associated with persistent depression (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03-1.42), headache (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.37), memory issues (RR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.65), sleep disturbance (RR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16-1.48), and vertigo (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.41). Obesity was significantly associated with persistent headache (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.37-1.53), numbness (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.46-1.78), smell disorder (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11-1.22), taste disorder (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.08-1.38), and vertigo (RR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.35-1.53).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Excess weight, including overweight and obesity, is associated with experiencing neuro-symptoms related to PCC. Individuals with these conditions urgently need enhanced personalized care management in current post-pandemic context.
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spelling doaj-art-e060f2893cb248b184a68feefb60d9992025-08-20T01:55:30ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01205e031489210.1371/journal.pone.0314892Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Débora Barbosa RoncaLarissa Otaviano MesquitaDryelle OliveiraAna Cláudia Morais Godoy FigueiredoJun WenManshu SongKênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho<h4>Background/purpose</h4>Excess weight has been identified as a potential risk factor for post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether excess weight is associated with the development or experience of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in PCC.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a comprehensive search of eight databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, VHL, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and medRxiv) for studies published up to July 2023. Studies were included if they assessed PCC symptoms in relation to nutritional status, specifically the development of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms more than 12 weeks post-infection. The analysis compared exposure and controls groups (excess weight vs. normal weight; obesity vs. non-obesity). Data were synthesized using a random-effects model.<h4>Results</h4>Of the 10,122 abstracts screened, 18 studies (n = 139,091 adults) were included. These studies included 79,050 individuals with excess weight vs 57,926 normal-weight individuals and 30,694 individuals with obesity vs 107,612 non-obese individuals. The presence of excess weight in PCC was significantly associated with persistent depression (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.03-1.42), headache (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.37), memory issues (RR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.65), sleep disturbance (RR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16-1.48), and vertigo (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.41). Obesity was significantly associated with persistent headache (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.37-1.53), numbness (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.46-1.78), smell disorder (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11-1.22), taste disorder (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.08-1.38), and vertigo (RR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.35-1.53).<h4>Conclusions</h4>Excess weight, including overweight and obesity, is associated with experiencing neuro-symptoms related to PCC. Individuals with these conditions urgently need enhanced personalized care management in current post-pandemic context.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314892
spellingShingle Débora Barbosa Ronca
Larissa Otaviano Mesquita
Dryelle Oliveira
Ana Cláudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo
Jun Wen
Manshu Song
Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho
Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS ONE
title Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_full Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_fullStr Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_full_unstemmed Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_short Excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
title_sort excess weight is associated with neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms in post covid 19 condition a systematic review and meta analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314892
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