A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses

Abstract Modelling approaches aimed at identifying unknown hosts of zoonotic pathogens have the potential to make high‐impact contributions to global strategies for zoonotic risk surveillance. However, geographical and taxonomic biases in host–pathogen associations affect the reliability of models a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andrea Tonelli, Marcus S. C. Blagrove, Maya Wardeh, Moreno Di Marco
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-03-01
Series:Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14500
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850071955058720768
author Andrea Tonelli
Marcus S. C. Blagrove
Maya Wardeh
Moreno Di Marco
author_facet Andrea Tonelli
Marcus S. C. Blagrove
Maya Wardeh
Moreno Di Marco
author_sort Andrea Tonelli
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Modelling approaches aimed at identifying unknown hosts of zoonotic pathogens have the potential to make high‐impact contributions to global strategies for zoonotic risk surveillance. However, geographical and taxonomic biases in host–pathogen associations affect the reliability of models and their predictions. Here, we propose a methodological framework to mitigate the effect of biases in host–pathogen data and account for uncertainty in models' predictions. Our approach involves identifying ‘pseudo‐negative’ species and integrating sampling biases into the modelling pipeline. We present an application on the genus Betacoronavirus and provide estimates of mammal‐borne betacoronavirus hazard at a global scale. We show that the inclusion of pseudo‐negatives in the analysis improved the overall validation performance of our model when compared to a model that does not use pseudo‐negatives, especially reducing the rate of false positives. Results of our application unveil currently unrecognised hotspots of betacoronavirus hazard in subequatorial Africa and the Americas. Our approach addresses crucial limitations in host–pathogen association modelling, with important downstream implications for zoonotic risk assessments. The proposed framework is adaptable to different multi‐host disease systems and may be used to identify surveillance priorities as well as knowledge gaps in zoonotic pathogens' host‐range.
format Article
id doaj-art-e05300ace46b4aaaab18ab582b06dd44
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-210X
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Methods in Ecology and Evolution
spelling doaj-art-e05300ace46b4aaaab18ab582b06dd442025-08-20T02:47:10ZengWileyMethods in Ecology and Evolution2041-210X2025-03-0116361162410.1111/2041-210X.14500A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronavirusesAndrea Tonelli0Marcus S. C. Blagrove1Maya Wardeh2Moreno Di Marco3Department of Biology and Biotechnologies ‘Charles Darwin’ Sapienza University of Rome Rome ItalyInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UKInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UKDepartment of Biology and Biotechnologies ‘Charles Darwin’ Sapienza University of Rome Rome ItalyAbstract Modelling approaches aimed at identifying unknown hosts of zoonotic pathogens have the potential to make high‐impact contributions to global strategies for zoonotic risk surveillance. However, geographical and taxonomic biases in host–pathogen associations affect the reliability of models and their predictions. Here, we propose a methodological framework to mitigate the effect of biases in host–pathogen data and account for uncertainty in models' predictions. Our approach involves identifying ‘pseudo‐negative’ species and integrating sampling biases into the modelling pipeline. We present an application on the genus Betacoronavirus and provide estimates of mammal‐borne betacoronavirus hazard at a global scale. We show that the inclusion of pseudo‐negatives in the analysis improved the overall validation performance of our model when compared to a model that does not use pseudo‐negatives, especially reducing the rate of false positives. Results of our application unveil currently unrecognised hotspots of betacoronavirus hazard in subequatorial Africa and the Americas. Our approach addresses crucial limitations in host–pathogen association modelling, with important downstream implications for zoonotic risk assessments. The proposed framework is adaptable to different multi‐host disease systems and may be used to identify surveillance priorities as well as knowledge gaps in zoonotic pathogens' host‐range.https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14500disease ecologymodelling
spellingShingle Andrea Tonelli
Marcus S. C. Blagrove
Maya Wardeh
Moreno Di Marco
A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses
Methods in Ecology and Evolution
disease ecology
modelling
title A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses
title_full A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses
title_fullStr A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses
title_full_unstemmed A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses
title_short A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses
title_sort framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty a case study on betacoronaviruses
topic disease ecology
modelling
url https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.14500
work_keys_str_mv AT andreatonelli aframeworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT marcusscblagrove aframeworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT mayawardeh aframeworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT morenodimarco aframeworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT andreatonelli frameworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT marcusscblagrove frameworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT mayawardeh frameworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses
AT morenodimarco frameworktopredictzoonotichostsunderdatauncertaintyacasestudyonbetacoronaviruses